摘要
林木遗传改良是在研究林木遗传变异的基础上开展的遵循其遗传变异规律来改良林木的遗传组成 ,进而培育林木新品种的一项活动 .林木遗传改良的效果直接取决于在遗传改良活动中所采用的各项技术 .由于林木生长周期长 ,遗传杂合性高 ,许多重要经济性状属于多基因控制的数量性状 ,遗传机理不明 ,利用常规育种手段往往难以满足不同目的定向培育树木新品种的要求 .因此 ,运用现代分子生物学技术进行林木遗传改良研究具有重要的现实意义 .该文概述了基因工程技术、遗传图谱构建、重要性状基因定位以及分子标记辅助选择育种等方面在林木遗传改良中的应用研究进展 ,并对现代分子生物学技术在林木遗传改良应用中存在的主要问题和应用前景进行了讨论 .
Forest tree genetic improvement based on genetic variation and genetic recombination is necessary to breed new varieties of forest trees. The effect of genetic improvement will directly depend on the breeding techniques adopted by breeders. Because of long life cycles, genetic heterogeneity and most of economic traits controlled by quantitative trait loci or multiple genes, genetic improvement in forest trees by traditional breeding and selection methods have many limitations and don't enable tree breeders to make changes in many important economic traits by design. With the development of molecular techniques applicable to forest tree species, genetic engineering is becoming an alternative to traditional tree breeding. Modern biotechnology is an important tool for genetic improvement in forest trees and its applications to genetic improvement in forest trees which covers genetic transformation, construction of genetic linkage map, QTL identification and molecular assisted selection are reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the existing problems and outlook about the applications of modern biotechnology to genetic improvement in forest trees are also discussed.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第5期250-261,共12页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 30 170 780 )
国家"转基因植物研究与产业化"专项子课题(J0 0B 00102)
关键词
分子生物学技术
林木
遗传改良
应用
基因工程
分子标记
遗传图谱
基因定位
forest tree
modern biotechnology
gene engineering
molecular marker
genetic linkage maps
QTLs
genetic improvement
