摘要
该文研究山西西南部黄土区小流域的泥沙来源 .从实验小流域泥沙来源的地貌部位来看 ,沟谷地 (沟头、沟道和沟坡 )大于沟间地 (坡面、梁峁坡 ) ,沟谷地产沙量占流域总产沙量的 60 %以上 ,沟谷地侵蚀模数是沟间地的 1 2 8～2 48倍 .坡面无水土保持措施的陡坡耕地是坡面侵蚀产沙的主要地类 .根据长期定位观测资料分析了不同林地防治土壤侵蚀的作用 ,在生物量达到 1 4 51t hm2 时 ,林地就具有很强的水土保持效益 .所分析的林地 (乔木、灌木及乔灌混交林 )和草地均具有较强的水土保持功能 ,林地覆盖度达到 40 %以上具有明显的防蚀效果 ,林地活地被物和枯枝落叶物具有较好的防止土壤侵蚀的作用 ,无人为破坏的草地和疏林地水土保持功能也很强 。
The sediment sources in the gully hilly loess area in southwest Shanxi Province,north China was studied.The result shows that the sources of sediment in the small watersheds mainly come from the gullies.The sediment discharge of valleys and channels (including gully head,gully path and valley side) is larger than that of areas between channels (including slope of weir and mound of the loess plateau).Amount of sediment discharge in valleys occupies 60%,erosion modulus in valleys and channels is 1.28-2.48 times that of in the areas between channels.If there are no control measures,the steep slope plantation is apt to produce sediment.When the biomass of stand in the hillslope is nore than 14.51 t/hm 2,the function of erosion prevention is good.If forest coverage reaches 40%,it will provide better protective effect.When both vegetation coverage and biomass are in appropriate state,the protective function will be the best.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第5期19-24,共6页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
"十五"国家重点科技攻关专题"黄河中游黄土丘陵沟壑区 (吉县 )水土保持型植被建设综合技术研究与示范"( 2 0 0 1BA510B0 10 1)
