摘要
选用杂交稻品种株两优819和常规稻品种中早35,探讨4种穴距的2种穴播量对早稻产量形成的影响,以明确双季早稻机械穴直播合理的穴距和穴播量。结果表明,机直播穴距均以11 cm处理产量最高。穴距11 cm条件下,株两优819播种量3和5粒处理的产量分别为9 671.19 kg/hm^2和9 461.46 kg/hm^2;中早35播种量3和5粒处理的产量分别为7 942.47 kg/hm^2和8 786.0 kg/hm^2。株两优819的分蘖早、分蘖量大、分蘖峰值高;中早35分蘖力较弱,分蘖平均峰值比株两优819低40.15%。中早35平均成穗率比株两优819高9.45%。直播穴距为11 cm处理产量高,主要由于有效穗数多;其前期干物质生产量占全生育期的比重相对较小,中后期干物质生产量占全生育期的比重高于其它穴距处理。说明此机播穴距的群体发育相对更为合理。在平均行距25 cm条件下,减小穴距以提高基本苗数比提高播种量更利于高产。早稻的最佳直播穴距为11 cm;分蘖力强的品种适宜穴播量3粒谷左右,分蘖弱的品种适宜穴播量5粒谷左右。
A hybrid rice variety of Zhuliangyou 819 and a conventional rice variety of Zhongzao 35 were selected,and effects of 4 hole spaces of 2 seeding quantities in machine-direct-seeding on its yield formation were studied,so as to make clear reasonable hole space and seed quantity in machine-direct-seeding of double season early rice. The results showed that the maximum yield was dotained when the hole space was 11 cm in machine direct seeding. Under the condition of hole space 11 cm,the yields of Zhuliangyou 819 were respectively 9 671.19 and 9 461.46 kg / ha when the seeding quantities were 3 and 5 seeds,and the yields of Zhongzao 35 were respectively 7 942.47 and 8 786 kg / ha when the seeding quantities were 3 and 5 seeds.The tillering of Zhuliangyou 819 occurred early,quantity high and peak value of tillering was height.The tillering ability of Zhongzao 35 was weak,and it＇s average peak value of tillering was 40.15% lower than that of Zhuliangyou 819. The percentage of ear bearing tiller of Zhongzao 35 was 9. 45% higher than that of Zhuliangyou 819.The reason for high yield of the 11 cm hole space treatment was mainly the larger number of effective panicles.The proportion of dry matter production of the prophase to that in the whole growth period was relatively small,and the proportion of dry matter production of the metaphase and anaphase to that in the whole growth period was higher than that of the treatments of other hole spaces.The population growth of the 11 cm hole space threatment in direct seeding was relatively more reasonable.Reduction in hole space to increase the number of basic seedlings was more conducive to the increase of yield than the increase of seed quantity under the condition of average space of 25 cm.In double season early rice,the best hole space in direct-seeding is 11 cm,about 3 grains of seed quantity is suitable for strong tillering varieties,around 5 grains of seed quantity is suitable for weak tillering varieties.
作者
贾维强
谭雪明
李木英
石庆华
潘晓华
JIA Wei-qiang TAN Xue-ming LI Mu-ying SHI Qing-hua PAN Xiao-hua(Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding/Collaborative Innovation Center for the Moderni- zation Production of Double Cropping Rice,Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Chin)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期9-17,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD17B12)~~
关键词
早稻
机械直播
穴距
播种量
产量
early season rice
machine direct-seeding
hole space
seed quantity
yield
