摘要
石油流体中蜡组分的析出会导致原油流动性的恶化和蜡沉积问题,降低管输经济性,威胁石油生产安全。析蜡特性是开发流动改性剂和防蜡剂以及科学制定原油输送和清蜡方案的基础。目前,石油流体析蜡特性检测技术的发展十分多样化,涵盖了分析化学、光谱学、流变学、量热学等多个学科领域。不同的析蜡信号检测方法决定了各检测技术在灵敏度、可靠性、适用性等方面的差异,有时测试结果相差较大。综述了现有石油流体析蜡特性各检测技术的原理和测试装置,以及国内外的应用现状,从灵敏度、可靠性、测试效率等方面分析了各自的优缺点,评价了各检测技术的适用性和发展前景,以期为石油化工行业工作者提供借鉴。
The wax component in petroleum fluids may precipitate out from liquid phase as solid particles because of temperature reduction,which will cause the deterioration of flow ability and the wax deposition problem to expose petroleum production and transportation system to huge safety threat.Various techniques had been developed to detect wax precipitation characteristics of petroleum fluids,which was necessary for the development of flow modifier and wax inhibitor,as well as the scientific pipeline transportation and wax control strategies.These detection techniques involved multiple disciplines,including analytical chemistry,spectroscopy,rheology,calorimetry,and so on.Due to different wax precipitation signals,there were many differences in the sensitivity,reliability and applicability of these detection techniques,resulting in different measurement results.The recent development of different detection techniques and elaborates their detection principles were reviewed.Based on the application status at home and abroad,the advantages and disadvantages were highlighted,and the applicability and prospect of different techniques were evaluated,which would provide a reference for the professionals in petrochemical industry.
作者
李思
黄启玉
范开峰
LI Si HUANG Qiyu FAN Kaifeng(Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China)
出处
《石油学报（石油加工）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期1287-1296,共10页
Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51374224)资助
关键词
蜡析出
析蜡温度
石油
测量
相平衡
wax precipitation
wax appearance temperature
petroleum
measurement
phase equilibria
