摘要
目的观察并分析不同健康教育模式对提高儿童口腔保健的干预效果。方法将杭州市中医院口腔科口腔门诊自2013年3月至2015年3月收治的180例儿童作为研究对象,按照是否实施口腔保健综合健康教育将所有体检儿童分为未行口腔保健综合健康教育的对照组与行口腔保健综合健康教育的观察组,每组各90例,对比两组儿童健康教育前后刷牙行为、进甜食行为、不良口腔干预效果及龋齿、牙龈炎发病率。结果观察组健康教育后较健康教育前相比每日刷牙≥2次比例升高,每日1次、很少或从不刷牙比例降低,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.23、6.23、6.11,均P<0.05),且观察组儿童行健康教育后,小儿每日刷牙≥2次的比例明显高于对照组(χ2=4.87,P<0.05)。观察组健康教育后较健康教育前相比,经常主动进食甜食及偶尔主动进食甜食比例降低,从不主动进食甜食比例升高,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.89、5.12、5.82,均P<0.05),观察组健康教育后较对照组相比经常主动进食甜食及偶尔主动进食甜食比例均明显偏低(χ2值分别为5.32、6.11,均P<0.05)。观察组健康教育后较健康教育前相比睡前含奶嘴、舔唇、咬手指降低,无不良习惯比例升高,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.50、5.71、5.39、5.24,均P<0.05),观察组健康教育后较对照组相比睡前含奶嘴、舔唇、咬手指降低,无不良习惯比例升高,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.23、4.81、5.38、5.92,均P<0.05)。观察组健康教育后牙龈炎及龋齿的发病率较对照组相比均明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为6.11、6.43,均P<0.05)。结论通过健康教育可有效提高儿童及家长对口腔保健知识的认知度,提升口腔教育行为,所采取的健康教育模式应以学校及家庭为单位,结合多种教育方法开展,以达到更好的干预效果。
Objective To observe and analyze the intervention effect of different health education modes on improving children＇s oral health. Methods Altogether 180 cases of children receiving outpatient treatment in department of stomatology in Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2013 to March 2015 were selected as study objects. According to implementation status of comprehensive health education for oral health,all children were divided into control group who did not receive comprehensive health education for oral health and observation group accepting comprehensive health education for oral health with 90 cases in each group. Tooth brushing practice,habit of eating sweet,intervention effect on poor oral behavior,and the incidence of dental caries and gingivitis before and after health education were compared between two groups. Results Proportion of children who brushed their teeth more than twice a day after health education was improved compared to that before health education in the observation group,and proportion of children who brushed once a day or seldom or never brushed reduced after health education. The differences had statistical significance（ χ2value was5. 23,6. 23 and 6. 11,respectively,all P〈 0. 05）. Proportion of children who brushed their teeth more than twice a day in the observation group after health education was significantly higher than that in the control group（ χ2= 4. 87,P 〈0. 05）. After health education proportion of children who initiatively eat sweets regularly or occasionally decreased and the proportion of children who did not eat sweets initiatively increased compared to the figures before health education in the observation group. Differences had statistical significance.（ χ2value was 5. 89,5. 12 and 5. 82,respectively,all P〈 0. 05）. Proportion of children who initiatively eat sweets regularly or occasionally in the observation group after health education was significantly lower than that in the control group（ χ2value was 5. 32 and 6. 11,respectively,both P〈 0. 05）. Proportion of children with behaviors of sleeping with nipple,licking lip and biting finger decreased and the proportion of children with no poor behavior increased in the observation group after health education. Differences had statistical significance（ χ2value was 5. 50,5. 71,5. 39 and 5. 24,respectively,all P〈 0. 05）. Compared to the control group,the proportion of children with behaviors of sleeping with nipple,licking lip and biting finger decreased and that of children with no poor behavior increased in the observation group after health education with statistical significan differences（ χ2value was 5. 23,4. 81,5. 38 and 5. 92,respectively,all P 〈0. 05）. Incidence of gingivitis and dental caries in the observation group after health education was significantly lower than that of the control group with statistical significance（ χ2value was 6. 11 and 6. 43,respectively,both P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Through health education,awareness of oral health care knowledge of children and parents can be effectively increased and oral health education behavior can be improved. Taking school and family as units should be the mode of health education,and various education methods need to be conducted in order to achieve better intervention effect.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2016年第12期1520-1522,1536,共4页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
健康教育
儿童
口腔
保健
health education
children
oral
health care
