摘要
在江南生态文明历史过程中,有三点特别值得借鉴。一是古人的水流平衡水利生态技术。唐宋时期的塘浦圩田制度利用自然的技术,使水网系统水流周流,灌排有序,可以百年不灾。古人还会有效率地利用河道弯曲蓄水,传统的水塘也对农民有着生态与经济的意义。二是精耕细作和生态循环技术。稻作农业对水稻土的培肥,以及桑基农业的生态循环,都是传统农业中的精华和典范。三是传统的审美意识对园林和一般田野景观的改造。早期人地关系宽松,古人依靠广大的自然生态景观经营田野和园林。随着人口压力增加,后期的人们利用水流和小生境经营田野并建成具有江南特色的小园林生态。
Three aspects of the historical ecological civilization south of the Yangtze River are espe- cially worth learning. First, the ancient ecological water conservancy technology of water balance. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Tang Pu Polder Systems utilized natural conditions to allow water to flow a- round in the water network to ensure orderly irrigation and prevent water disasters in hundreds of years. River bends were used to retain water and traditional water ponds were also economically and ecologically valuable to the peasants. Second, intensive farming and ecological circulation technology. The rice agri- culture with its good effects on paddy soil fertility and the mulberry agriculture with its ecological circula- tion are both the quintessence of traditional agriculture. Third, the changes brought by traditional aesthetic consciousness to gardens and field landscapes. In the early period, the relationship between man and land was loose; the ancients relied on various natural ecological landscapes to manage fields and gar- dens. Later on, under the increasing population pressure, people began to take advantage of water flow and ecological niches to manage fields and build small garden ecology with characteristics of the gardens found in areas south of the Yangtze River.
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期156-164,共9页
Thinking
关键词
景观
传统农业
生态文明
landscape, traditional agriculture, ecological civilization
