摘要
西辽河地区是中国北方农业文明的重要发源地之一。随着近年来文物普查、遗址发掘和环境考古工作的不断深入,该地区史前文化的时间序列、文化内涵和生业模式变得更加清晰。史前人类对自然资源的开发历史、生业模式变化的气候背景及其对文明进程的影响等问题引起了广泛关注。已有的工作大多采用传统环境考古手段进行遗址内调查,很少采用定量方法分析宏观尺度的遗址分布和聚集模式。在数字化大量文物普查数据的基础上,GIS的核密度分析被用来反映西辽河地区史前文化的聚集模式,并通过三维视角转换和海拔统计来反映遗址分布重心在纬向、经向及高程上的变化规律。通过对比空间分析结果和已有的生业模式研究及古气候记录,揭示了研究区史前聚落的时空分布与当时的生业模式和气候环境之间的关联,也有助于史前人地关系研究中海量遗址位置信息的理解和使用。
Western Liao River area is one of the most important birthplaces of agricultural civilization in north- ern China. With recent works like relics survey, site excavation and environmental archaeology going further, the time sequence, cultural content and subsistence strategy history of this area are getting explicit. Questions like ancient exploiting history of natural resources, climate background and cultural impact of subsistence strategy have been paid great attention. Traditional environmental archaeology methods like plant and animal remains analysis are mostly utilized to conduct in-site investigation, current studies rarely adopt quantitative methods to examine the sites＇ macro temporal-spatial distribution and aggregation pattern. Based on abundant digitized relic survey data, GIS methods like kernel density analysis are utilized to indicate the temporal-spatial distribution and aggregation pattern of prehistoric cultures in Western Liao River area. The latitudinal, longitudinal and altitudinal migrations of site distributional core are indicated by 3D perspective shift and elevation statistics. By referencing existing studies on subsistence strategy and paleoclimate history, results of spatial analysis are used to reveal the correlation among sites＇ temporal-spatial distribution, subsistence strategy adopted and climate variation. This also contributes to our understanding and utilization of massive locational information of prehistoric sites in ancient man-land relationship study.
作者
王琳
武虹
贾鑫
Wang Lin Wu Hong Jia Xin(School of Architecture, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1159-1171,共13页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"河湟谷地水土资源配置模式与史前人类生业活动的相关性研究"(编号:41401224)
华侨大学中青年教师科研提升资助计划"无人机航测技术支持下的旧城更新与聚落形态研究"(编号:ZQN-PY310)资助~~
关键词
GIS
环境考古
时空演变
生业模式
西辽河地区
GIS
Environmental archaeology
Temporal-spatial evolution
Subsistence strategy
Western Liao River area.
