摘要
基因组转录后的产物绝大部分为非编码RNA（ncRNA），编码蛋白质的信使RNA（mRNA）只占少数。长链非编码RNA（1ncRNA）指ncRNA的长度超过200个核苷酸。研究证实一些lncRNAs在细胞中的表达比蛋白编码基因有更高的特异性并与年龄相关。lncRNAs参与各种细胞过程，包括细胞生长相关的基因表达、分化、DNA复制、重组和修复以及细胞迁移等。在病理条件下，如癌症中许多lncRNAs表达异常。本文总结了lncRNA在一些泌尿系肿瘤，包括前列腺癌（PCa）、膀胱癌和肾癌的表达及意义。其中前列腺癌抗原3（PCA3）是最早用于诊断PCa的lncRNA，也是最早用来对患者尿液进行检测，诊断PCa是否存在的标志物。使用下一代测序技术，异常表达的lncRNA比较容易在血液或其他体液如尿液中检测。因此，我们预计在泌尿系统癌症，比如PCa、膀胱癌、肾癌的临床实际工作中，lncRNA的检测，特别是从尿液中检测，会有更广阔的应用。
Most transcripts in the genome are non -coding RNAs （ncRNA） compared to the pro- tein - coding mRNAs. Long non - coding RNA （lncRNA） refers to ncRNA with more than 200 nucleotides in length and seems to be expressed in a highly tissue specific and age - dependent manner. LncRNAs are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell growth related gene expression, differentiation, DNA replication, recombination and repair, and cell migration. In pathological conditions, such as cancer, many lncRNAs are abnormally expressed. This paper summarizes the expression and significance of lncRNA in some urinary tract tumors, including prostate cancer （PCa）, bladder cancer and renal cell car- cinoma. Prostate cancer antigen 3 （ PCA3 ） is the first lncRNA for diagnosis of PCa, and it is also the first to be detected in urine as a biomarker for the presence of PCa. Using the next - generation sequencing technology, it is relative easy to detect abnormally expressed IncRNA in blood or other body fluids such as urine. Therefore, we expect that the IncRNA as a biomarker will have a broad prospect in the clinical prac- tice especially for urinary tract cancers.
出处
《中华实验外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第12期2628-2631,共4页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery
关键词
长链非编码RNA
肿瘤标志物
前列腺癌
膀胱癌
肾癌
Long non - coding RNA
Tumor marker
Prostate cancer
Bladder cancer
Kidney cancer
