摘要
促进天然气发展的主要驱动力包括:技术进步、以天然气代煤的经济性、环保的要求以及政府的政策推动。在系统分析价格、环境和技术等因素的基础上,研究了中国天然气与煤竞争的政策问题,通过民用、发电和工业锅炉以气代煤的案例研究,展望了天然气的市场前景,并针对加速发展天然气存在的障碍,指出:在中国以气代煤具有重大的战略意义,而气价远高于煤价是扩大中国天然气市场的最大障碍;天然气需求预测必须以终端用户可接受的价格为基础,把煤炭利用的环境成本计入价格是扩大天然气市场的一个重要因素;中国天然气产业应加速市场化改革,国家应支持天然气技术开发以降低成本并增加用户选择的机会,政府对天然气生产和利用应给予财政支持和税收优惠。
The main drivers for developing the natural gas industry include technological advances, economic and environmental-friendly characteristics, and favorable government policies. Starting from a systematic analysis of price, environment, technology and other factors, this paper studies the competition between gas and coal in China. Through a gas-for-coal case study in civilian use, power generation, and industrial boilers, the paper points out prospects for the natural gas market. In studying obstacles to the further development of the gas industry, the paper reconfirms the strategic significance of gas substitution in China, but points out the price is the most important obstacle to expanding the natural gas market. Estimated gas demand should be based on a price acceptable to the end users. Coal price should include environmental protection costs, which is an important factor in enlarging the market share of natural gas. The paper concludes: China's natural gas industry should be market-oriented; government should encourage the development of natural gas technology so as to reduce the cost and provide better choices for users; and the government should grant favorable financial and tax support for natural gas production and use.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2002年第8期36-39,44,共5页
International Petroleum Economics
