摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地油气集输管网基数大、规模广、高度分散,自然地貌复杂、环境敏感,油气泄漏面临的安全风险和环保风险高,应急抢险难度大。笔者从集输管道的特点、选材和防腐工艺入手进行泄漏危害识别,主要类型为腐蚀穿孔,根本原因在于集输管网环境有利于硫酸盐还原菌不断滋生,微生物反应使无机硫化物(SO_4^(2-))转换为H_2S气体。根据年腐蚀穿孔频次确定出油管道、单井注水管道、采出水管道和老龄化管道为重点防控对象,进一步辨析了集输管道隐患风险防控面临的法律阻力、环境阻力、社会阻力和经济阻力。
The gathering pipelines network of oil and gas were with the characteristics of big cardinal number, large scale and highly decentralized in the Ordos Basin, which was in complex terrain and environmentally sensitive area, resulting in the high risk to safety and environmental and great difficulty to emergency rescue, when oil and gas was leaking from the gathering pipelines. The author had identified the hazard of leakage from the characteristics, material selection and anticorrosion technology process of the gathering pipelines, determined the main types of the pipelines leakage, which was perforation corrosion, and found the root cause of perforation corrosion was that the gathering pipelines network environment was beneficial to the growth for the sulfate-reducing bacteria and made the inorganic sulfide（SO_4^（2-）） to H_2S by the microbial reaction. According to the annual perforation corrosion frequency, this paper had selected out the key prevention and control object, which was crude flow pipelines, single well water injection pipelines, produced water pipelines and aging pipelines, and further analyzed on the drag force of risk prevention and control for the gathering pipelines, from the law, environment, society and economy.
作者
刘沛华
李岩
符卫平
Liu Peihua Li Yan Fu Weiping(Research Institute of Oil and Gas Technology of Changqing Oilfield Company Xi＇an 710018 National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-permeability Oil and Gas Field Xi＇an 710018 Gas Production Plant No.2 ofChangqing Oilfield Company Xi＇an 710018)
出处
《中国特种设备安全》
2016年第11期61-65,共5页
China Special Equipment Safety
关键词
集输管道
原油泄漏
腐蚀穿孔频次
危害识别
风险防控阻力
Gathering pipelines
Crude oil leakage
Perforation corrosion frequency
Hazard identification
Drag force of risk prevention and control
