摘要
为了探求栽培稻同野生稻的亲缘关系,采用扫描电镜比较观察了我国的普通野稻(O.rufipogon)、药用野稻(O.officinalis)、瘤粒野稻(O.meyeriana subsp.tuberculata)和栽培稻(O.sativa)的谷粒和花药的形态结构,获得下列主要结果:(1)谷粒表面的形态特征——栽培稻、普通野稻和药用野稻是由排列整齐、分布均匀的乳头状突起组成,瘤粒野稻是由分布不均匀的小瘤状突起组成。栽培稻、普通野稻和药用野稻具有粗刺毛和纤细毛,瘤粒野稻具有钩毛和纤细毛。(2)花药壁表面结构——栽培稻和普通野稻是由排列整齐的长形细胞组成;药用野稻和瘤粒野稻由两类细胞组成,一类是排列整齐的细胞,另一类是大小不均等、排列不呈条状的细胞。从谷粒形态、刺毛种类和分布、稃表面结构、花药形态、花药壁表面结构的相似性和差异性的研究结果表明,栽培稻与普通野稻的亲缘关系较近。
In order to elucidate the consanguineous relationship between cultivated rice and wild ricespecies,the morphology of unhulled grains and anthers of oryza rufipogon,O.officinalis,O.meyeriana subsp.tuberculata and O.sativa,being indigenous to China,were observed by scan-ning electron microscopy(SEM).Main results are as follows:(1)Morphological characteristics onsurface of grain: the glume(lemma and palea)of sativa,rufipogon and officinalis is covered withpapillate tubercules arranged in right order and distributed uniformly,whereas meyeriana is constitutedby warty tubercules distributed irregularly.Sativa,rufipogon and officinalis possess both thickthorn-hairs and tenuous-hairs,however,meyeriana has both hook-hairs and tenuous-hairs.(2)Sur-face structure of anther wall:Satire and rufipogon are composed of long cells arranged in goodorder,whereas officinalis and meyeriana are consisted of two kinds of cells:one with uniform size ar-ranges in good order,the other with different size does not arrange in the strip.Based on the resem-blance and difference in feature of unhulled grain,kinds and distribution of thorn-hairs,surface struc-ture of glume,feature of anther and surface structure of anther wall,it suggests that the consanguineousrelationship be closer between cultivated rice and O.rufipogon.
出处
《中国水稻科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第1期7-12,共6页
Chinese Journal of Rice Science
关键词
野生稻
谷粒
花药
形态学
亲缘关系
Wild rice
Cultivated rice
Morphology
Unhulled grain
Anther
Consanguineous relationship
