摘要
为研究自交对三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus幼体发育和形态性状的影响,通过人工定向交尾的方式,以建立的三疣梭子蟹连续1~9代家系内自交全同胞家系为材料,评价连续多代自交幼体发育和形态性状的影响。结果表明:在幼体发育方面,F1~F9代的排幼量无明显上升或下降趋势,但变态率研究中发现,溞状幼体和大眼幼体2个阶段中总体呈现衰退趋势,尤其自交家系程度高的F9代变态率最低,F9代Z1~M的4个阶段中变态率分别为74.87%、73.50%、59.17%、41.96%;在形态学方面,随着生长日龄与自交代数的增加,F3~F9代各项指标均低于F1、F2代家系,其中F9代各项指标皆为最小且与其他各代有显著性差异(P<0.05),但在150日龄时对梭子蟹整齐度的研究发现,F9代甲宽、甲长、体高变异系数分别为7.636 5、7.559 1、8.328 2,在所有家系中为最小,整齐度最好;除F2代家系外,随着姊妹交系数的增加,相对于F1代,全甲宽出现-6.12%^-21.95%的衰退,甲宽衰退系数为-1.85%^-16.36%,甲长衰退系数为-10.08%^-27.66%,体高衰退系数为-9.39%^-22.70%,体质量衰退系数为-13.39%^-47.99%,排幼量衰退系数为-9.03%^-45.13%。研究表明,自交对三疣梭子蟹的幼体变态、个体形态大小和150日龄个体的生长特性产生的影响程度不同,造成一定程度的衰退。
Nine generations of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus within a same family（ F1-F9） were systematically bred to reveal the influence of inbreeding on larval development and morphology in swimming crab via breeding and growth with ANOVA statistical analysis on one direction. The results showed that there was decline in survival rate（ metamorphosis） at each stage from zoeaⅠ（ Z1） to megalopa（ M） in each generation,74. 87% from Z1 to Z2,73. 50% from Z2 to Z3,59. 17% from Z3 to Z4,and 41. 96% from Z4 to M,with the minimal survival in F9,though no linear relationship between survival and each inbreeding generation from F1 to F9. The morphometrical values were shown to be declined from F3 to F9,the minimal value in F9,significant from the other generations in the 80 days. However,the uniformity analysis of 150 days old swimming crab revealed that the F9 had variation coefficient of 7. 636 5 in carapace width,7. 559 1 in carapace length and 8. 328 2 in body height,the least variation coefficient in all the generations. There were influences of various generations on larval metamorphosis,larval size and growth characteristics of swimming crab,showing inbreeding depression phenomenon. During the production season,compared with the F1 inbreeding generation by increasing the inbreeding coefficient,except for F2,the estimated inbreeding depression coefficient was-6. 12%--21. 95% in overall carapace width,-1. 85%--16. 36% in carapace width,-10. 08%--27. 66% in carapace length,-9. 39%--22. 70%in body height,-13. 39%--47. 99% in body weight,and-9. 03%--45. 13% in larval yield,with higher depression coefficient in body weight and larval production than in other morphometrical values. The findings suggest that inbreeding should be avoided in crab breeding programs and that have a purpose in planned selective breeding.
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期469-476,共8页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41576147)
泰山领军人才工程高效生态农业创新类计划(LJNY2015002)
青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目(2015ASKJ02)
关键词
三疣梭子蟹
自交
形态学指标
幼体变态
衰退
Portunus trituberculatus
inbreeding
morphological index
larval metamorphosis
depression
