摘要
儿童期血压问题越来越受到人们的关注,人群中一次性机会筛查出的儿童高血压患病率,学龄前儿童为2%~4%,学龄儿童为4%~9%;如经过两个时点复测后,学龄前儿童高血压患病率降至1%以下,学龄儿童降至2%~3%。儿童高血压到成年期存在轨迹现象,即高血压及靶器官（心、脑、肾）的损害虽然主要表现在成年期,但其发病则起源于儿童少年时期,因此人们逐渐意识到降低成年期高血压患病率要从娃娃抓起。影响儿童血压值的因素有孕期因素、遗传因素、饮食因素等。儿童血压的测量和高血压的诊断方法也逐渐成熟,很多妇幼工作者已经针对儿童高血压制定了干预措施。本文对国内外儿童高血压发病及影响因素的研究进行综述,为儿童高血压防治提供参考。
Childhood blood pressure problem was got more and more attention, the prevalence of preschool children hypertension with one - off opportunity screening was 2% to 4%, and the prevalence of the school - age children was 4% to9%. After two points resurveyed, hypertension prevalence rate of preschool children fell to less than 1%, school - age children fell to 2% to 3%. Trajectory existed from children with high blood pressure to adulthood, namely hypertension and target organs （ heart, brain, kidney） damage expressed in adulthood, but its pathogenesis has originated from childhood, so people realize that reducing the prevalence of adult hypertension should pay attention on children. Factors which effect on children＇ s blood pressure contain pregnancy factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, etc. Children＇ s blood pressure measurement and hypertension diagnosis method also gradually mature, a lot of maternal and child health care workers has set interventions for hypertension in children, this study review the status and influencing factors of children hypertension research at home and abroad, in order to provide a reference for hypertension prevention and treatment of children.
出处
《中国妇幼卫生杂志》
2016年第5期70-74,共5页
Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health
关键词
儿童
高血压
影响因素
childhood
hypertension
influencing factors
prevention and treatment
