摘要
背景:半月板在膝关节运动性损伤中十分常见,其损伤后的治疗一直是临床的难题,研究人员一直努力应用利用组织工程的方法来解决半月板损伤后的修复问题。目的:就目前热门的构建组织工程半月板相关基础研究的情况进行综述。方法:由第一作者检索中国知网及Medline数据库有关构建组织工程半月板相关基础研究文章,中文检索词为"半月板,组织工程,基础研究",英文检索词为"meniscus,tissue engineering,basic research"。排除研究目的与课题无关的文章以及重复研究,最后纳入35篇文献作进一步分析。结果与结论:关于如何将半月板细胞分类存在一定的争议,纤维软骨细胞和细胞外基质主要构成半月板的外部组织,半月板的内部组织主要由较小不典型的具有软骨特性的类软骨细胞构成。半月板的生物力学特性可以使其受到外部压力时自身可以进行适当的调整。膝关节完全屈曲时外侧半月板承担膝关节外侧部分的全部压力,而内侧半月板承担膝关节内侧部分50%的压死力。半月板损伤的病因和病理生理学不尽相同,高度依赖患者的发病年龄,但是各年龄组中右膝半月板损伤均占多数。外科修复半月板撕裂的方式大致可以分为由内向外技术、由外向内技术和关节镜下全内修复以及开放修复技术。
BACKGROUND： The meniscus injury is one of the most common sports injuries of knee joint. The treatment after injury is always a difficult problem in the clinic. Researchers have been trying to apply the method of using tissue-engineering to solve the problem of meniscus repair after injury. OBJECTIVE： To summarize tissue-engineered meniscus-related basic research. METHODS： The first author retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Medline for literatures on tissue-engineered meniscus. The key words were ＂meniscus, tissue engineering, basic research＂. Articles with unrelated objective and repeated articles were excluded. Finally, 35 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： There was some controversy about the classification of the cell of the meniscus. The outer tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of the fibrous cartilage cells and the extracellular matrix. The inner tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of a small atypical class of cartilage cells. The biomechanical properties of the meniscus can be properly adjusted when it is subjected to external pressure. The lateral meniscus is assumed to bear all the pressure of the outer part of the knee joint during knee flexion, but the medial meniscus is assumed to bear 50% of the medial part of the knee joint. The etiology and pathophysiology of meniscus injury are not the same, which is highly dependent on the age of onset of the patient. However, in each age group, right knee meniscus injury was the majority. The way of surgical repair of the meniscus tear can be divided into the technology from inside to outside, and that from outside to inside, total internal repair under arthroscopy and open repair technology.
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第37期5588-5593,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
内蒙古自治区自然基金资助项目(2013MS1194)
项目名称:仿生构建模拟自然结构的组织工程韧带~~
