摘要
基于非平衡热力学用3个独立的膜特征参数(纯水渗透系数,反射系数和溶质渗透系数)分析在水力学压力驱动和渗透压驱动膜过程中溶剂水和溶质的传递现象.为了考察这些膜特征参数在两种不同驱动力驱动的膜过程中的一致性,用不同的方法确定同一张正渗透膜分离层的膜特征参数.首先,通过几种中性溶质在水力学压力驱动膜过程中的截留率确定膜特征参数.其次,使用相同的中性溶质作为渗透压驱动膜过程中的驱动溶质,通过实验得到溶剂水的体积通量和溶质的摩尔通量,结合通量数据和非平衡热力学模型,再次得出这几种溶质的膜特征参数.结果表明,两种方法得到的膜特征参数一致性较好.这有助于进一步理解渗透压驱动膜过程中的传递现象,以及它与水力学压力驱动膜过程的差别.
Transport phenomena of a forward osmosis （FO） membrane in both hydraulic and osmotic pressure driven membrane processes were analyzed by three independent membrane parameters based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics. To examine the uniformity of these parameters in membrane processes operated by different driving forces, the membrane parameters o~ u,e oa~ determined using different methods. First, the membrane parameters were determined from rejection data of several neutral solutes in hydraulic pressure driven mode experiments. Second, the water volumetric flux and solute molar flux of the same neutral draw solutes were investigated in osmotic pressure driven mode experiments. The membrane parameters for these solutes were obtained based on the flux data and the nonequilibrium thermodynamic model. The results revealed good agreement between the two methods and it contributed to further understanding the transport phenomenon in FO process and its difference from hydraulic pressure driven membrane processes.
出处
《膜科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期75-83,118,共10页
Membrane Science and Technology
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA03A604)
关键词
非平衡热力学
正渗透膜
膜特征参数
传递现象
渗透压驱动膜过程
nonequilibrium thermodynamics l forward osmosis membrane l membrane parameter
transport phenomenon
osmotic pressure driven membrane process
