摘要
通过收集不同荔枝种质资源自然授粉的种子,利用密植栽培和单枝整形修剪技术管理实生苗,创建大规模荔枝实生后代群体,从而快速选育目标性状株系,提高育种效率。2009—2014年共培育荔枝实生后代501294株,占地面积6755m^2。荔枝实生后代在2011—2015年成花2145株,其中包括2年童期单株68株,3~4年童期单株930株,5~6年童期单株1147株。荔枝实生后代在2011—2015年挂果608株,从中初步筛选出分别具有特早熟、特晚熟、产量高、果实大、高焦核率、可食率高等或同时具备2种以上优良性状单株177株。利用该育种方法可以在有限的土地上培育数量庞大的荔枝实生后代群体,并在短时间内初选出较多的目标性状单株,显著提高荔枝育种效率。
To improve the efficiency of seedling selection and to select the individual plants with good traits in litchi,a large number of litchi progeny were cultivated by collecting natural pollinated seeds from different litchi germplasm using methods of dense planting and single-branch shaping. Total about 501 294 seedlings were cultivated in 2009-2014,with an covering area of 6 755 m2. There were 2 145 seedlings flowering in 2011-2015,including 68 seedlings with two-year juvenile phase,930 seedlings with 3-4-year juvenile phase and 1 147 seedlings with 5-6-year juvenile period. Furthermore,there were 608 seedlings setting fruit in 2011-2015. 177 individual plants were preliminarily selected out from them with at least one following good trait like extremely early-maturing,extremely latematuring,high yield,large fruit,high proportion of chicken-tongue seeds and high flesh recovery. A large number of litchi seedlings could be cultivated in the limited land by planting in high density and the technology of single-branch shaping. And many individual plants with target traits could be preliminarily screened out in a short period of time,thus significantly improved the efficiency of seedling selection in litchi.
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2016年第5期60-64,共5页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-33-01)
农业部热带作物种质资源保护项目(15RZZY-05)
关键词
荔枝
育种
自然授粉
密植
单枝整形
高效
Litchi chinensis Sonn.
breeding
natural pollination
dense planting
single-branch shaping
high efficiency
