摘要
以新疆阿尔泰山天然冷杉（Abies sibirica）林地土壤为研究对象,分析和比较了不同海拔梯度下土壤理化性质,利用相关分析和主成分分析法对4个海拔梯度下土壤肥力的整体水平进行了综合评价。结果表明：（1）各海拔土壤颗粒百分含量大小顺序均表现为粉粒〉砂粒〉黏粒;（2）随海拔的升高,土壤各化学指标和土壤有机碳矿化组分都表现出不同程度的变化,pH值表现为低海拔高于高海拔,土壤有机质、全氮、活性有机碳和缓效碳含量呈现先降低后增加的趋势,而有机碳矿化率则逐渐下降,并在1 700m之后出现明显降低;（3）土壤有机活性碳、矿化碳含量与土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾含量等土壤因子密切相关,但pH值和有机碳矿化率的影响不明显;（4）土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、活性碳和缓效碳含量是综合评价土壤肥力的重要指标。最后通过主成分分析法计算综合得分得出,阿尔泰山不同海拔梯度冷杉林土壤肥力由高到低为：1 500～1 700m〉1 300～1 500m〉1 900～2 100m〉1 700～1 900m。
The variation characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties at different altitudes of natural Abies sibiricaforests were investigated in Altai Mountain of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to evaluate soil fertility at these four altitudes.The results showed that：（1）the percentage content of sand in soils was greater than clay but less than silt at the four altitudes;（2）with increase of altitude,soil chemical and organic carbon mineralization characteristics changed in different manners,the pH value of low altitude was greater than that at the high altitude,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,active and slow-available carbon showed a trend of decline first and increase later,but soil organic carbon mineralization ratio decreased gradually,and significantly reduced above the1 700m;（3）close correlations were found between active and slow-available carbon and soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available potassium content,but not for pH value and carbon mineralization ratio;（4）contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and readily available potassium played important roles in soil fertility evaluation.The soil fertility levels at different altitudes of Altai fir forest decrease in the order：1 500～1 700m1 300～1 500m1 900～2 100m1 700～1 900 m.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期134-140,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技部基础性工作专项"中国森林土壤调查
标准规范及数据库构建"(2014FY120700)
关键词
冷杉林
海拔
土壤肥力
主成分分析
Abies sibiricaforest
altitude
soil fertility
principal component analysis
