摘要
在对江苏省乡镇级小城镇分类的基础上,坚持随机原则和空间均匀分布原则,选择9个小城镇为研究对象。以覆盖研究对象的18景Landsat遥感影像为基础数据,利用ENVI5.1、ArcMap10.0等软件提取1990年、2002年和2014年3个时期的小城镇边界,并利用GoogleEarth提供的高分影像提取2004-2014年小城镇扩张前后不同地类的边界并统计面积,分析小城镇扩张的规模、速度和空间差异。研究结果:1)24年内9个小城镇建成区平均扩张了5.13倍,扩张规模和速度有显著的时空差异;2)微观区位也影响小城镇的扩张过程,靠近和远离高等级城市的小城镇扩张速度较快,中间的小城镇扩张速度则较慢;3)农业用地是小城镇扩张的主要土地来源,占67.87%,由此造成全省每年减少约10 000hm^2耕地;4)工业用地增加是苏南和苏中地区小城镇扩张主要动因,属"经济驱动"型扩张,而苏北地区小城镇扩张主要为了满足居住需求,是"社会驱动"型扩张。最后分析了江苏小城镇快速扩张的原因,并提出了引导小城镇科学、理性扩张的措施。
There are 877town-class small cities（we call them small towns in the paper）in Jiangsu Province.To look for their expansion pattern,9small towns are selected as research objects on the basis of their locations,the distance between them and the nearest bigger cities,random principle and uniform distribution.To cover the selected 9small towns,18 remote sensing images are collected which include Landsat Thematic Mapper（TM）images,Enhanced TM Plus（ETM＋）images and Operational Land Imager（OLI）images.Then,we extract the small towns′borders in 1990,2002 and 2014using ENVI5.1and ArcMap10.0software and analyze the size,speed and spatial difference of these small towns′expansion.At the same time,we extract the small towns′borders in 2004 and 2014from GoogleEarth images and count the areas of all kinds of land before and after the small towns′expansion to analyze the land source structure and land use structure of the expansion.The research results show that：1）the built up area of 9small towns has increased by 5.13 times in the past 24 years,and expansion sizes and speeds have obvious temporal and spatial difference;2）micro location also acts on small towns′expansion,such small towns which are near or far away from the bigger towns have got high speed expansion;3）67.87% of expansion source is farm land,so the small town expansion has caused farm land decrease rapidly;4）in the south and middle of Jiangsu Province,small towns expand mainly because of increase of industrial land,that is to say, ＂economy driving＂ causes the expansion.In the north part, ＂society driving＂ brings about the expansion to fulfil the demand of resident.Finally,by inducing the reasons that caused small town expansion,some measures are proposed to guide the small towns expand scientifically and rationally in the end of the paper.
出处
《地理与地理信息科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期68-73,共6页
Geography and Geo-Information Science
基金
江苏省教育厅高校基金项目"00-14年江苏省乡镇级小城镇建设用地扩张调查研究"(14KJB170005)
