摘要
本研究利用2001-2010年近10年的监测数据从年际、月际和空间三个层面对博斯腾湖总氮、总磷浓度的时空分布特点进行了分析。分析结果表明:(1)2001-2010年博斯腾湖TN浓度年际变化较小,平均值基本上维持在0.85mg/L左右,该湖的TN浓度大部分属于Ⅲ类,达中营养化状态,在部分监测点监测到的TN浓度则属于Ⅳ类、劣Ⅴ类,富营养化水平已达富营养化、超富营养化;TP浓度年际变化相对较大,呈现出先增加后减小的变化趋势,在2006年TP浓度平均值为最高,该湖的TP浓度基本属于Ⅱ类,为中贫营养化状态,但部分年限的部分监测点TP浓度超过Ⅱ类,富营养化水平较为严重;(2)博斯腾湖的TN浓度平均值月际变化较小,为0.7-1.0 mg/L,属于Ⅲ类,为中营养化状态。TP浓度平均值月际变化较大,属于Ⅱ类,富营养化水平为中贫营养化。TN、TP浓度的最高值均出现在4月;(3)TN和TP浓度的空间分布规律基本一致,均为在该湖西北部黄水沟入湖口和西南部开都河入湖口处最高,其次为湖泊东部,湖泊的中部TN、TP浓度值均较低。全湖内TN浓度为0.77-0.97 mg/L,总体不超过Ⅲ类,富营养化水平为中营养化;TP浓度为0-0.05 mg/L,总体不超过Ⅱ类,富营养化水平为中贫营养化。因此,建议在每年的4月之前应着重控制黄水沟及开都河内的TN、TP含量,以控制该湖富营养化日趋严重的趋势。
Based on monitoring data during 2001-2010 of Bosten Lake, this paper analyzed temporal and spatial variations of total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） from yearly, monthly and spatial three aspects. The results showed that：（1） During the 10 years in Bosten Lake, the average concentration of TN remains approximately 0.83 mg/L with gentle fluctuations. Most of the TN concentrations are Ⅲ class according to the water quality evaluation criteria, and middle nutrition state according to the eutrophication evaluation criteria. While part of TN concentrations are up to Ⅳ or even Ⅴ class and reach eutrophication or even super eutrophication state. In comparison with TN, the average concentration of TP shows a tendency of increase first and then decrease and reaches the highest value in 2006. According to the water quality evaluation criteria, the concentration of TP in Bosten Lake belongs toⅡ class, and is in middle poor nutrition state according to the eutrophication evaluation criteria, while part of the TP concentrations exceed the class Ⅱ and reach eutrophication state.（2） From the monthly aspect, the fluctuation of TN concentrations in different months is not noticeable and reaches the highest value in April. While the fluctuation of TP concentration in different months is significant and also reaches the highest value in April. Overall, most of the concentrations of TN belong to Ⅲ class and middle nutrition state and the majority of the TP concentrations belong to class Ⅱ and middle poor nutrition state.（3） The spatial distributions of TN and TP concentration are basically the same, both of which are high in north-western and south-western corner of Bosten Lake, which are the estuary of Huangshui Ditch and Kaidu River respectively.In the east part of the lake, the average concentration of TN and TP are also relatively high and meanwhile in the middle part of the lake are the lowest. The average concentrations of TN in the whole lake are from 0.77 to 0.97 mg/L and do not exceed classⅢ and middle eutrophication state. Meanwhile, the average concentrations of TP in the whole lake are from 0 to 0.05 mg/L, and do not exceed class Ⅱ and generally belong to middle poor nutrition state. Overall, this research recommends that managers of Bosten Lake should focus their work on the decreasing of the content of TN and TP in Huangshui ditch and Kaidu river before April of each year.
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2016年第2期259-264,共6页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40575035)
关键词
博斯腾湖
总氮
总磷
富营养化
Bosten Lake
Total Nitrogen
Total Phosphorus
Eutrophication
