摘要
动物个体信息和行为的智能感知与分析是精准畜牧业的核心。牛、猪、羊等大型动物因与人类关系密切、经济价值高受到国内外学者的广泛关注。为了促进中国精准畜牧业的发展,分别从国外和国内视角,详细总结、分析了精准畜牧业中动物信息感知与行为检测的研究现状、尚待研究的问题。包括个体识别、生长状况评估及体况评价各种方法的优势和不足,呼吸频率与异常检测、肢蹄运动评分与跛行检测等异常和疾病检测,发情检测、产前检测及高危动作识别等动物生理周期关键时间段的行为感知方法等。结合精准畜牧的发展趋势和应用需求,在分析的基础上指出,动物信息智能感知与行为检测未来将向无接触、高精度、高自动化程度方向发展,结合动物病理学的早期肢蹄病灶自动化检测方法、不依赖评分结果的具有普遍性的状态参数、接触式传感器对动物的应激作用、动物高级行为的识别理论与方法、动物身体区域精细识别研究、检测设备/系统的有效性验证及效益研究与评估等将成为未来研究的方向。
The behavioral information on individual animal has a considerable relationship with animal＇s welfare and diseases. Thus,perceiving animal information and behaviors are fundamental to precision livestock farming. A research review of respiration detection,locomotion score,body condition score,individual identification,behavioral analysis,etc. were summarized focusing on large animals,including cows,pigs,sheep,which are prevalent instock farming industry. And a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of different methods applied in all the aspects was presented in this review. In term of individual information acquisition and analysis（ e. g., individual identification and body condition score）,solutions based on 3D camera and depth image processing technolygy were emphasized,because such cameras were more robust to the environment when extracting the animal target from the image. In addition,locomotion score was one of the most important topics in precision livestock farming. Electronic sensors,audio recorder and digital cameras were used to perceive the individual information and prove feasible to detect the animals ＇ lameness automatically. Because of the earlier lameness detection requirements of practical application,the pathology of the limbs and hooves disease,the automatic trauma detection and universal parameters of lameness without scoring system should be considered in the future.In the behavior analysis aspect,some new research approaches were emphasized including the limb segmentation algorithm and the combination with human behavior analysis theory and method.Considering the development trend and requirements of practical application in precision farming,animals＇ social behavior should be considered. The precision live farming should also consider the effectiveness,robustness and the stress to animals of the detection equipments,continue to move in contactless,high precision and automation direction.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期231-244,共14页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(61473235)
关键词
精准畜牧业
大型动物
信息感知
行为检测
precision livestock farming
large animal
information perception
behavior detection
