摘要
城市人口、交通网络与避灾绿地三者空间布局与匹配性共同决定应急疏散效率。多中心性评价模型为三者空间布局与匹配性研究提供量化分析基础。该研究基于多中心性评价模型研究了沈阳市中心城区避灾绿地-交通网络-人口匹配性。首先,根据多中心性评价模型,采用城市网络分析工具测度交通网络介数中心性,探讨其与人口分布、避灾绿地匹配性。然后根据各街区居民到避灾绿地时间邻近中性,分析人口-避灾绿地匹配性。最后,综合判断避灾绿地-交通网络-人口匹配性。研究发现沈阳市中心城区避灾绿地-交通网络-人口匹配性整体较差,仅城市中心小范围区域匹配性较好,但其对应避灾绿地数量少、面积小。
The spatial layout and matching score of urban population,transportation network and disaster prevention green space determine the efficiency of emergency evacuation. And MCA can provide quantitative research method for the matching score of the three elements above. This study takes the population-transportation-disaster prevention green space as a whole system,and measures the street network betweenness centrality according to MCA,and the matching degree between the population,disaster prevention green space,and the street network betweenness centrality. And then analyzing the matching degree of population-disaster prevention green space according to the time closeness of the disaster prevention green space that calculated according to the MCA. Results indicate that the matching degree of disaster prevention green space-street network-population is low,except for some small areas in city center. Firstly,population-street network matches lower than expected,the high-density population distribution areas of the city correspondently has somewhat lower betweenness centrality. Secondly,the matching degree of population-disaster prevention green space is poor,which results in lower efficiency of emergency evacuation of residents. Lastly,the betweenness centrality of disaster prevention green space diminishes from the city center to the periphery,and have multi-central of high betweenness centrality value,that contain 8 high-value core areas. The disaster prevention green space in these 8 high value core areas have higher street network accessibility,and better matching score of street network- disaster prevention green space. But disaster prevention green space in these areas takes a small proportion of the total number and the whole area,most disaster prevention green space match badly with street network.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
2016年第2期219-225,共7页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41471141)
关键词
多中心性
介数中心性
时间邻近中心性
避灾绿地
匹配性
沈阳市
multiple centrality analysis
betweenness
time closeness
disaster prevention green space
matching score
Shenyang
