摘要
作为1989年东欧八国政治巨变中的一环,民主德国危机与柏林墙的倒塌具有其独特性。匈牙利民主化改革、联邦德国对"东方政策"的背离以及二者的结合直接导致了东德危机的全面爆发。昂纳克的继续保守引起苏联的不满致使他下台。克伦茨的"变革"计划面临着外债缺口与政治民主化的双重压力,他与戈尔巴乔夫周密设计的改革计划也未能解决"要么民主化、要么经济崩溃"的核心矛盾。柏林墙的轰然倒塌削弱了四大国的合法权利、激励了民众的统一热情、直接动摇了东德政府的控制力与改革计划,并使德国问题重新回归国际政治议程。但不论柏林墙是否倒塌,克伦茨的改革计划都难获成功,东德民主化的脚步也难以停止。
As a ring of eight eastern Europe countries’ political upheaval in 1989, the GDR Crisis and the Fall of theBerlin Wall have its uniqueness. Since the democratic reform in Hungary, FRG’s betrayal on the “Ostpolitik” and thecombination of the two led directly to the full-blown crisis in GDR. Honecker’s continual conservative led to thediscontent of the Soviet Union which finally brought him down. Krenz’s “Wende” program faced the dual pressures ofexternal debt and political democratization, and the well-designed reform program from him and Gorbachev could notsolve the core contradictions of “either democratization or economic collapse”. The tumbling down of the Berlin Wallundermined the legitimate rights of the four countries, inspired the people’s enthusiasm of unity, directly shook the EastGerman government’s control and reform plans, and made the German question return to the international politicalagenda. But regardless of the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Krenz’s reform program could hardly be successful, and the paceof GDR’s democratization could hardly be stopped.
出处
《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2016年第2期193-200,130,共9页
Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences
关键词
1989年
民主德国危机
柏林墙倒塌
东欧剧变
1989 year
GDR Crisis
the Fall of the Berlin Wall
drastic changes in Eastern Europe
