摘要
2014年5-8月和2015年5-8月,在北京动物园利用扫描取样法和焦点动物取样法,对10只圈养朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）雏鸟的行为发育过程进行观察。提出笼养朱鹮雏鸟的行为谱,记录雏鸟发育过程中各种行为首次出现时间,分析了朱鹮雏鸟行为时间分配及与日龄的相关性。结果表明,雏鸟出壳后至10-16日龄,以休息行为为主,休息行为时间分配达46.87%以上,随日龄增加休息行为逐渐减少,趋于稳定;休息行为与日龄呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）,站立、游走和理羽等行为与日龄呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;趴卧行为在开始阶段随日龄增加,7 d达到最大值,随着蹲伏和站立行为的出现,趴卧行为逐渐减少;4日龄雏鸟排便时上体趴伏,尾部抬高,粪便呈喷射状排出至巢窝外,排便姿势具有明显的卫生功能;观察中首次发现朱鹮雏鸟有藏食行为和涮食行为,隐藏食物和涮洗食物的行为可能来自遗传,在群体中可以通过学习获得。
We used scan and focal sampling methods to quantify the behavioral development of 10 nestlings of captive crested ibis（Nipponia nippon ｜ in Beijing Zoo,China in May to August 2014 and May to August 2015.We summarized the ethogram of crested ibis nestlings,and recorded the time point that every behavior first occurred as nestlings grew.The proportion of resting was more than46.87%as the main behavior of nestlings during their first 10-16 days.The time budget of resting was very significantly negative correlated with increasing age（P0.01）.The time budgets for standing,walking and preening were significantly positively correlated with increasing age（P 0.01）.Groveling behavior increased during their first 7 days,and then declined with the increase of crouching and standing behavior.The nestlings could defecate outside the nest by groveling the upper body and raising their tails by 4 days of age.This behavior may be serve a hygienic function.We describe the hiding food behavior and washing food behavior of crested ibis nestlings,these behaviors could be hereditary or could be learned from other nestlings.
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2016年第1期55-60,共6页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(No.31470460)
北京市公园管理中心科研项目
中国动物园协会大熊猫及珍稀野生动物保护基金
关键词
朱鹮
雏鸟
行为发育
北京动物园
Crested ibis
Nestlings
Behavior development
Beijing Zoo
