摘要
目的了解新疆地区2013年血培养分离细菌的分布特征及耐药性。方法对分离菌株的鉴定采用法国梅里埃VITEK-Compact和ABI系列细菌鉴定仪,药物敏感性试验采用最小抑菌浓度(MIC)法和K-B法结合进行。结果临床血培养共分离出细菌3 962株,其中革兰阳性菌占50.8%,革兰阴性菌占49.2%。最常见的菌株为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(31.7%)、大肠埃希菌(23.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(9.5%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(8.7%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(3.6%)、阴沟肠杆菌(2.5%)、屎肠球菌(2.5%)、铜绿假单胞菌(2.2%)、粪肠球菌(2.0%)、肺炎链球菌(1.1%)。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌检出率分别为69.8%、62.6%和66.7%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRSCN)的检出率分别为36.2%和86.3%。鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的泛耐药菌株(XDR)检出率分别为14株(9.9%)、1株(1.2%)、2株(0.6%)。未发现对万古霉素、利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌。结论新疆地区血培养分离菌株中,革兰阳性菌与革兰阴性菌所占比例相当,呈现菌种多样化,对常用抗菌药物耐药性严重,应及时了解血培养分离细菌的分布情况,加强细菌耐药性监测,控制院内感染,指导临床合理用药,控制耐药菌株的产生和传播。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of bacteria isolated from blood culture in Xinjiang area during 2013.Methods The identification of isolated bacteria were performed by adopting the France VITEKCompact and the ABI series bacterial identification instruments.The antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by using the minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）and Kirby-Bauer（K-B）methods.Results A total of 3 962 strains of bacteria were isolated from clinical blood culture,in which Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 50.8%and 49.2%respectively.The most frequent strains were coagulase-negative staphylococci（31.7%）,Escherichia coli（23.2%）,Staphylococcus aureus（9.5%）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（8.7%）,Acinetobacter baumannii（3.6%）,Enterobacter cloacae（2.5%）,Enterococcus faecium（2.5%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（2.2%）,Enterococcus faecalis（2.0%）and Streptococcus pneumoniae（1.1%）.The detection rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase（ESBLs）producing Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis were69.8%,62.6% and 66.7%respectively.The detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）and methicillinresistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus（MRCNS）was 36.2% and 86.3%respectively.The pan-drug resistant（XDR）strains of Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia were 14strains（9.9%）,1（1.2%）,2strains（0.1%）,16strains（0.6%）.No strains resistant to vancomycin or linezolid were found in Staphylococcus and Enterococcus faecalis.Conclusion Among blood culture isolated bacteria in Xinjiang area,the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria have little difference.The diversity of bacterial species exist.The resistance to commonly used antibiotics is serious.The distribution situation of blood culture isolated bacteria should be timely understood.The bacterial drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened to control the nosocomial infections,guide rational drug use in clinic and control the generation and spread of drug resistant bacterial strains.
出处
《重庆医学》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第9期1251-1254,共4页
Chongqing medicine
关键词
细菌
药物耐受性
抗菌药物
新疆
bacteria
drug tolerance
antibiotics
Xinjiang
