摘要
土地覆盖作为影响土壤侵蚀和生态环境的主要因子,对改善黄土丘陵区的生态环境具有重要的意义。以山西省太谷县为研究区,基于最新的国产高分1号（GF-1）和传统的陆地卫星TM数据通过预处理和支持向量机的监督分类方法获取研究区2000年、2007年、2015年的土地覆盖类型图。最后运用转移矩阵对研究区土地覆盖类型总体变化和不同环境因子土地覆盖类型时空分布进行研究,结果表明：① 2000-2015年之间草地大幅度减少且主要转换为林地和耕地,其他类型土地都有所增加,增长幅度最大的是林地;②通过不同环境因子下的土地覆盖类型的时空分布进行研究,发现16年来林地和草地的分布规律大致相同,主要分布在海拔1 000 m以上,坡度在6°以上,地理位置主要是在侯城乡,范村镇和阳邑乡;耕地和建设用地的分布大致相同,主要分布在海拔1 000 m以下,坡度15°以下的地区,地理位置上各个乡镇都有所分布,耕地以胡村镇和范村镇分布面积最大,建设用地以胡村镇和明星镇分布面积最大。
As the main factor,land cover which affects soil erosion and ecological environment has important significance to improve the ecological environment of the loess hilly region. Taigu County of Shanxi Province was taken as the research area,based on the latest domestic high score 1（ GF-1） and the traditional land satellite TM data to obtain the land cover type maps in 2000,2007 and 2015 data,by the method of pre processing and support vector machine. At the end of the study,the temporal and spatial distribution of land cover types and different environmental factors in the research area were studied by using transfer matrix method,the results show that,①from the year 2000 to 2015,the grassland decreased significantly and the transformed to woodland and arable land mainly,other types of land have increased,the forest land has the largest increase. ② through the temporal and spatial distribution study of the land cover types that influenced by the various environmental factors,the research found that the distribution regularity of the woodland and grassland was almost the same in the last 16 years. The mainly distribution area that is above an elevation of 1 000 metres,the slope is above 6 degree,and the geographical location is mainly in Houcheng Township,Fancun Town,Yangyi Township; the distribution of the cultivated land and the construction land was almost the same; the mainly distribution area that is below an elevation of 1 000 metres,the slope is above 15 degree,and they spread all over the county,the cultivated land was mainly in Hucun and Fancun towns and the construction land was mainly in Hu Cun and Ming Xing towns.
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2016年第7期122-129,共8页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
山西农业大学科技创新基金(20142-22)资助
关键词
遥感
时空变化
土地覆盖类型
环境因子
remote sensing
temporal and spatial change
land cover types
environmental factors
