摘要
为了全面了解兰州南北两山种子植物的生长分布情况及植物区系的地理成分组成,充分认识该区域的自然历史过程,本研究对兰州地区种子植物进行了实地调查。结果表明,兰州南北两山植物种质资源相对丰富,种子植物155种,隶属于39科115属。其中裸子植物1科1属1种;被子植物38科114属154种。较大科（10~29种）的禾本科（Gramineae）、菊科（Compositae）和豆科（Leguminosae）为优势科,中型科（2~9种）构成了植物区系组成的主体;兰州地区种子植物科的优势现象较为明显,禾本科、菊科和豆科的科、属、种分别占总体的7.69%、43.48%和45.80%;属的种类分布较松散,植物分布于多属,属的优势现象表现的不明显;该研究区植物区系科按地理成分可划分为5种类型和4种变型,优势科均为世界广布科,其所占比例最大,占总科数的53.85%,热带分布科和温带分布科也有分布,所占比例分别为总科数的25.64%和20.51%;研究区植物区系中属按地理成分可划分为12种类型和9种变型,温带性属占有绝对的优势地位,占总属数的50.44%,热带成分和地中海成分有一定表现,分别占总属数的15.65%和6.96%,说明兰州南北两山种子植物区系与古地中海植物区系有一定的联系,中亚成分和东亚成分表现微弱,无中国特有科,中国特有属有1属,即文冠果属（Xanthoceras）。在南北两山种子植物种质资源分布差异的研究中发现,北山种子植物物种较南山丰富,南山种子植物密度、分盖度、生物量、株高、冠幅等生长指标整体呈现出较北山大的趋势。
In order to understand the distribution characteristics and geographical elements of flora and fully reveal the process of natural history in the Northern and Southern Mountains of Lanzhou,the present study investigated the seed plants in this area.The results showed that the germplasm resources in the studied areas were relatively abundant which included 155 seed plant species belonging to 39 families and 115 genera in both gymnosperm and angiosperm although only 1species in gymnosperm.The dominant families were Gramineae,Compositae,Leguminosae which were large families including 10~29species.The middle family including 2~9species was the main composition of flora in the study area.The families dominance was obvious and the family,genus and species of Gramineae,Compositae and Leguminosae accounted for 7.69%,43.48%and 45.80%,respectively.The genus species distribution was loose with rich diversity and poor advantage.The geographical elements of spermatophytic families had 5types and 4subtypes.The dominant families in the studied area belonged to cosmopolitan which accounted for 53.85% of total families.Excepted with cosmopolitan,the tropical and temperate families were 25.64% and 6.96% of total families,respectively.The geographical elements of spermatophytic genera had 12 types and 9subtypes.The temperate genera were dominant which accounted for50.44% and the genera of tropical and Mediterranea accounted for 15.65% and 6.96%,respectively,which revealed that the flora in studied area had relationship with Paleo-Mediterranean flora.The composition of Central Asia and East Asia elements was weak.There was no family endemic to China and 1genera endemic to China which was Xanthoceras.The distribution difference of germplasm resources in Southern and Northern Mountains indicated that species richness in the Northern Mountains was more abundant than that in Southern Mountains,however,the density,coverage degree,biomass,plant height,canopy and other growth indices in Southern Mountains were higher than those in Northern Mountains.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期408-423,共16页
Pratacultural Science
基金
甘肃省科技支撑计划(144FKCA081)
