摘要
目的了解北京城市居民的社区心理健康服务需求及满意度情况,以期促进北京城市社区心理健康服务体系建设。方法于2015年3—7月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在北京市中心城区和城乡结合城区各随机抽取1个区县和各自下属的2个城市社区,从每个社区中随机抽取150例居民,共抽取社区居民600例进行问卷调查,内容包括居民社区心理健康服务需求及满意度、出现心理健康问题时求助意愿及求助方式、认为管理现状的不足及意见。结果共发放问卷600份,回收有效问卷599份,问卷有效回收率为99.8%。18.9%(113/599)的居民表示对社区心理健康服务非常需要,36.1%(216/599)表示比较需要,31.0%(186/599)表示一般,11.2%(67/599)表示不太需要,2.8%(17/599)表示完全不需要。当出现心理健康问题时,18.7%(112/599)的居民表示肯定会求助,41.6%(249/599)表示很可能去求助,21.5%(129/599)表示很可能不去求助,9.9%(59/599)表示肯定不去求助,8.3%(50/599)表示不知道/拒答。11.5%(69/599)的居民表示对社区心理健康服务非常满意,26.0%(156/599)表示比较满意,49.1%(294/599)表示一般,11.7%(70/599)表示不太满意,1.7%(10/599)表示非常不满意。当出现心理健康问题时,居民最愿意获得的心理援助方式有寻求亲朋好友倾诉(67.3%,403/599)、选择综合医院的心理门诊(33.1%,198/599)、选择去社区卫生服务中心心理咨询(24.7%,148/599)等。居民认为社区心理健康管理现状的不足有:目前工作缺乏协调、服务内容重复(31.7%,190/599);场地和设施简陋(31.1%,186/599);服务机构资质不规范(21.9%,131/599)等。24.1%(144/599)的居民希望社区心理健康管理纳入卫生系统独立统筹;8.4%(50/599)希望纳入民政系统独立统筹;17.0%(102/599)认为任何形式均可、各地自由发展;47.7%(286/599)希望由市政府统一协调,卫生与民政部门互补、多团体配合;2.8%(17/599)表示其他。结论北京城市居民对社区心理健康服务需求强烈,但满意度不高。目前社区心理健康服务工作尚不能满足居民的迫切需求,亟须政府部门高度关注,深入改革并整合社会优势资源协同发展。
Objective To know about the demand for and satisfaction degree with community mental health service among urban residents in Beijing and promote the construction of urban community mental health service system in Beijing. Methods From March to July in 2015,we selected 2 urban communities from each of the two randomly selected districts in Beijing,one central urban district and one urban and rural combination district,and randomly selected 150 residents from each of the 4 communities. There were all together 600 residents enrolled and questionnaire survey was conducted. The questionnaire content included demand for and satisfaction degree with the community mental health service among residents,resorting will and mode when mental health problems occur,the problems of current management situation and advise. Results A total of 600 questionnaires were given out and 599 valid questionnaires were recycled with a valid recovery rate of 99. 8%. A total of 18. 9%（113 /599） residents needed community mental health service very much,36. 1%（216 /599） residents quite needed community mental health service,31. 0%（ 186 /599） residents needed community mental health service slightly,11. 2%（67 /599） rarely needed community mental health service and 2. 8%（17 /599） did not need community mental health service at all. When the residents encountered the mental health problems,18. 7%（112 /599） residents would definitely resort,41. 6%（249 /599） residents were very likely to resort,21. 5%（129 /599） residents probably would not resort,9. 9%（59/599） residents definitely would not resort and 8. 3%（50 /599） residents did not know that or refused to give answer. A total of11. 5%（69 /599） residents were very satisfied with community mental health service,26. 0%（ 156 /599） residents were satisfied,49. 1%（294 /599） residents were barely satisfied,11. 7%（70 /599） were not satisfied and 1. 7%（10 /599） had great dissatisfaction. When the residents encountered mental health problems,the favored resorting modes included confiding to relatives and friends（67. 3%,403 /599）,consultation in psychological clinics in comprehensive hospital（33. 1%,198 /599）and psychological consultation in community health service center（24. 7%,148 /599）. The problems of the current community health management included the lack of coordination and repetitive service content（ 31. 7%,190 /599）, simple and crude venues and equipment（31. 1%,186 /599） and lack of standardization of qualification of service settings（21. 9%,131 /599）.Among the residents,24. 1%（144 /599） hoped that community mental health management can be included in the health system and planned dependently as a whole; 8. 4%（ 50 /599） hoped it could be included in civil affairs system and planned dependently as a whole; 17. 0%（102 /599） thought every form was acceptable and every region could freely develop its own form; 47. 7%（286 /599） hoped that municipal government should coordinate as a whole and departments of health and civil affairs and other organs should complement and coordinate with each other; 2. 8%（17 /599） had other thoughts. Conclusion Beijing residents have strong demand for community health service,but the satisfaction degree is not high. At present,community mental health services can not meet the urgent need of residents,which needs high attention by government sectors,and reform should be deepened and social superior resources should be integrated to promote synergetic development.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期848-852,共5页
Chinese General Practice
基金
北京市哲学社会科学规划项目(13SHA002)--北京城市社区心理健康服务体系建设研究
关键词
城市居民
社区心理健康服务
卫生服务需求
满意度
北京市
Urban residents
Community mental health services
Health services needs and demand
Satisfaction degree
Beijing
