摘要
【目的】分析新选玉米自交系产量及主要农艺性状配合力,为进一步组配优良杂交组合提供参考。【方法】以10份新选玉米自交系为待测系,4份玉米自交系为测验种,采用NCⅡ设计获得40个杂交组合,在江苏省4个不同试点进行鉴定,调查其籽粒产量、穗腐病等级、籽粒水含量、株高和吐丝期等,并评价新选自交系的配合力。【结果】不同杂交组合的籽粒产量、穗腐病等级、株高和吐丝期均以徐州点最高,分别为10.37 t/ha、2.81、239.69 cm和64.71 d;籽粒水含量以南通点最高,为26.98%;所有杂交组合的各个性状均以扬州点表现最低。产量、穗腐病等级和吐丝期在不同试点的变异系数变幅较大,分别为7.42%-16.89%、10.17%-16.48%和1.02%-5.25%;而籽粒水含量和株高的变异系数变幅较小,分别为4.85%-8.06%和5.46%-6.76%。自交系L4籽粒产量的一般配合力效应值最高（0.79）,其次为L6,L7最低。籽粒产量特殊配合力效应值为正的有L6×T4、L1×T2、L8×T2、L10×T1、L5×T4和L7×T1等24个组合,其中L6×T4的效应值最高（0.81）,其次是L1×T2。在所有杂交组合中,组合L4×T1产量最高,为7.65 t/ha;其次为组合L4×T3和L6×T4,产量分别为7.34和7.27 t/ha。所有性状一般配合力方差明显大于特殊配合力方差,说明产量、穗腐病等级、籽粒水含量、株高和吐丝期等性状主要受加性效应影响。【结论】自交系L4、L6和L9等产量GCA效应值较高,且自交系L6综合表现最好,可作为今后育种的重点材料;高产组合L4×T1和L4×T3可推荐参加江苏省玉米新组合筛选试验。
【Objective】The present study was conducted to analyze the combining ability of yield and main agronomic traits of new maize inbred lines in order to provide references for cross of fine hybridized combinations. 【Method】In this research, 40 hybridized combinations were derived from cross of 10 new developed maize inbred lines and 4 testers by using NCⅡ design, followed by planting at 4 locations of Jiangsu province to investigate their five traits viz., grain yield,ear rot grade, grain moisture, plant height and days to silking for analyzing the combining abilities of these 10 inbred lines. 【Result】The highest grain yield, ear rot grade, plant height and days to silking of different crosses were found in Xuzhou city, with 10.37 t/ha, 2.81, 239.69 cm and 64.71 days, respectively; the highest grain moisture（26.98%） was found in Nantong city. While the lowest ones of the above-mentioned traits were found in Yangzhou city. The coefficients of variation of grain yield, ear rot grade and days to silking at different tested locations largely ranged from 7.42%-16.89%,10.17%-16.48% and 1.02%-5.25%, respectively; while those of grain moisture and plant height at different sites slightly ranged from 4.85%-8.06% and 5.46%-6.76%, respectively. The results showed that, inbred line L4 presented the highest general combining ability（0.79）, followed by L6, and the lowest one was found in inbred line L7. The positive effect on special combining ability of grain yield was found in 24 crosses viz., L6×T4, L1×T2, L8×T2, L10×T1, L5×T4 and L7×T1, etc. Of which, the cross L6×T4 presented the highest special combining ability（0.81）,followed by L1×T2. As to all crosses, the higher average grain yield were found in crosses L4×T1, L4×T3 and L6×T4 as 7.65, 7.34 and 7.27 t/ha, respectively. The variances of general combining ability of all traits were found significantly greater than that of specific com-bining ability, which showed that the grain yield, ear rot grade, grain moisture, plant height and days to silking were mainly controlled by the additive effect. 【Conclusion】Since the lines L4, L6 and L9 have higher GCA of grain yield than others and line L6 is the best one overall, they could be utilized in breeding programs for recycling inbred lines of similar heterotic groups. The single cross hybrids（L4×T1 and L4×T3） could be recommended to participate in regional pre-trial of Jiangsu province.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期180-184,共5页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
江苏省作物生产与保护重点专业群建设项目(2012074)
关键词
玉米
自交系
产量
农艺性状
配合力
加性效应
maize
inbred lines
yield
agronomic trait
combining ability
additive effect
