摘要
对百合科药用植物开口箭生药学特征进行了研究,结果表明：开口箭根状茎呈圆柱形,表面具有多层木栓化细胞。皮层组织较宽广,薄壁细胞含较多针晶束及淀粉粒,内皮层细胞一层。中柱具外韧型和周木型两种维管束,近内皮层处维管束分布较密集,呈圆环状排列,内部维管束散生。药材粉末呈浅黄色,淀粉粒丰富,呈单粒卵圆形,直径3-9μm,脐点呈裂缝状或点状,层纹不明显。针晶呈束状或散状分布,可见柱晶及方晶。具螺纹、环纹导管,偶见网纹和孔纹导管,导管口径一般在8-17μm之间。药材冷水浸出物为56.82%-60.38%,50%热乙醇浸出物为60.12%-62.97%,药材总灰分为3.99%-4.77%,药材含水量为11.23%-13.30%。研究结果为开口箭药材的鉴别和质量标准制定提供了科学参考。
The pharmacognostic characteristics of Tupistra chinensis Baker are studied in this paper.The results indicate that the rhizome of T. chinensis Baker is in the shape of cylindrical and the phellem layer is on the surface of rhizome. The cortex is thick,abundant raphides and starch grains are found in its parenchyma cells. The endodermis consists of one layer cells. Collateral bundle and amphivasal bundle are found in vascular cylinder. The collateral vascular bundles are dense,and they are scattered in the inner endodermis and arranged in circles. The medicinal powder of T. chinensis Baker is yellowish-white. A lot of starch grains have been found in the medicinal powder,all of which are single grain type and in the shape of sarciniform or dispersive with diameter from 3 to 9 μm. The umbilicate point was crannied or punctated with indistinct texture. Lots of spiral and ringed vessel together with few reticulate and pitted vessel have been found in the medicinal powder. The diameter of the vessel is in an extent of 8 - 17 μm. The content of cold aqueous extract is56. 82% - 60. 38%,and the content of 50% hot ethanol extracts is 60. 12% - 62. 97%. The total ashes content is 3. 94% - 4. 71% and the ash indissolvable in acid is 0. 03% - 0. 10%,and the water content is11. 23% - 13. 30%. This pharmacognostic study on T. chinensis Baker provides a scientific reference for identification and the establishing of its quality standard.
出处
《陕西理工学院学报（自然科学版）》
2016年第1期76-81,共6页
Journal of Shananxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition
基金
陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015KTTSSF01-02)
陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(14JS017)
陕西理工学院研究生创新基金资助项目(SLGYCX1416)
关键词
开口箭
显微鉴别
生药学特征
Tupistra chinensis Baker
microscopic identification
pharmacognosytic characteristics
