摘要
洪灾发生时的避洪转移问题是应急系统的重要组成部分之一,合理的避洪转移方案可有效降低洪灾造成的社会经济损失,减少人员伤亡。以此为背景,针对洪水灾害发生时避洪转移路径寻优问题,提出了一种综合考虑道路等级、安置容量约束、避洪转移人口单元及转移过程中道路拥堵等因素的网络流避洪转移模型。同时以荆江分洪区为研究对象,验证了模型的有效性。将模型计算结果与现有的避险预案对比,结果表明,模型规划的避险方案减少了原预案方案的转移耗时,缩短了转移路径距离,缓解了路段人流量。提出的避洪转移网络流模型具有良好的适用性,该模型同样适用于其他洪灾区。
Refuge migration in the flood attack makes up an important part of the emergency refuge system. A reasonable refuge migration can effectively reduce the social, economic losses and casualties induced by flood disaster. In view of seeking the optimal evacuation path in the flood disaster, a new network - flow - based migration strategy model which considers road classification, capacity of shelters, evacuation unit, and the traffic jam in the evacuation process was proposed in this paper, and the Jingjiang flood diversion area was taken as the research object to validate its effectiveness. Also, the result from the network flow - based model was compared with the existing evacuation scheme. The comparison showed that, the new evacuation strategy reduced time -consumption and route length, and relieved the congestion in the evacuation process. The proposed new network flow model has good applicability. It can be also applied to other flood impact areas.
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期56-64,共9页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239004)~~
关键词
避洪转移
网络流
容量配置
单元划分
flood avoidance and migration
network flow
capacity allocation
unit division
