摘要
盐溶解、结晶作用造成的疱疹病害是引起敦煌莫高窟壁画颜料脱落的重要原因。对导致盐害的主要成分及其存在形态和作用机理进行了深入研究。微观上可溶盐(NaCl、Na_2SO_4、CaCl_2)和微溶盐(CaSO_4)结晶以小晶粒或者包裹一些非晶体物质团聚态的形态赋存在壁画孔隙中,盐结晶的聚集体一般呈立方体或近立方体状。病害的形成是由于可溶盐和微溶盐之间的溶解-结晶相互作用。Na_2SO_4结晶或水合物收缩孔隙,降低了NaCl结晶对孔隙的局限压。
Salt dissolution and crystallization are the important reasons of the blister diseases of mural paints at Mogao Grottoes. The main components, forms and its damage mechanism for murals blister diseases were studied. NaCl crystal was present in little grain salt, usually adhered or covered by some amorphous material. NaCl salt crystal aggregated in the form of a cubic or near cubic state in the blister samples. The damages of the murals blister diseases were caused by the dissolving and crystallizing of NaCI salt. Na2SO4 crystal mad its crystallized water led to more serious damages. Na2SO4 crystal and hydrates shrinked pores, which reduced the limitation pressure of NaCl crystal among the pores.
出处
《自然杂志》
2016年第1期39-44,共6页
Chinese Journal of Nature
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2012CB720901
2012CB720905)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(21177021)
国家文物局文物科学和技术研究课题(20110207)资助
关键词
莫高窟壁画
疱疹病害
氯化钠
硫酸钠
wall-painting of Mogao Grottoes
blister damage
NaCl
Na2SO4
