摘要
基于2013年7月（夏季）、10月（秋季）、2014年3月（冬季）和5月（春季）在马鞍列岛海域桁杆虾拖网的采样数据,分析了蟹类种类组成、优势种及多样性等群落结构特征,并结合水深、底层温度和底层盐度等环境因子进行了探讨。结果表明：在研究海域共采获蟹类22种,隶属于11科15属;夏季种类数（20种）〉秋季（16种）〉春季（9种）〉冬季（8种）;日本蟳（Charybdis japonica）和双斑蟳（Charybdis bimaculata）为蟹类群落优势种,三疣梭子蟹（Portunus trituberculatus）为夏秋季蟹类群落次优势种;丰富度指数（D）变化范围为0.43~1.01,多样性指数（H）变化范围为0.34~0.94,二者均值在秋季最高,冬季最低;均匀度指数（J）则为春季（0.70）〉冬季〉秋季〉夏季（0.35）;底层温度是影响蟹类群落组成的最重要因子;聚类和非度量多维标度分析结果表明,各季节蟹类群落结构差异不显著,群落结构相对稳定。
Seasonal variations of crab assemblage, composition of dominant species, species di- versity and richness in Ma＇an Archipelago area were studied, based on sampling data collected by shrimp trawls from July （summer） and October （autumn） in 2013 to March （winter） and May （spring） in 2014. The relationship between crab community structure and environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that 22 crab species were collected belonging to 15 genera and 11 families. The numbers of crab species in different seasons were in order of summer （20 species） 〉 autumn （16 species） 〉 spring （9 species） 〉 winter （8 species）. Charybdis japonica and Charybdis bimaculata were the most dominant species in the all seasons, Portunus trituberculatus was the sub-dominant species both in summer and autumn. The Margalef richness in- dex （D） of crab community ranged from 0.43 to 1.01, and the Shannon diversity index （H） ranged from 0.34 to 0.94. These two indices were the highest in autumn and lowest in winter. The Pielou evenness （J） reached the maximum value in spring （0.70） , followed by winter and au- tumn, and the lowest in summer （0.35）. Bottom temperature was the most important factor affecting crab community structure. Cluster and nMDS analysis showed that there were no signifi- cant differences in crab community structure among seasons, which suggested that the crab com- munity structure in Ma＇ an Archipelago area was relatively stable.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期431-440,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41176110)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303047)资助
关键词
马鞍列岛
蟹类
种类组成
多样性
群落结构
Ma＇ an Archipelago
crab
species composition
diversity
community structure.
