摘要
[目的]探讨三峡库区腹地流域类型与土壤侵蚀之间的关系,为保障该区防洪和生态安全提供依据。[方法]以三峡库区腹地中的开县、云阳县、奉节县、巫山县和巫溪县5个县作为研究区,基于遥感和地理信息系统技术,探讨小流域类型划分及其与土壤侵蚀之间的关系。[结果]研究区小流域类型可分为3种：（1）第一分水岭外已建坝小流域主要分布在800-1 200m,15°-35°的石灰岩分布区;（2）第一分水岭内小流域高程主要集中在300-800m高程带,15°-35°坡度段的泥页岩、泥岩及砂岩上,土壤侵蚀强度正在逐渐增加;（3）第一分水岭外未建坝小流域主要分布在800-1 200m,15°-35°坡度带的泥灰岩、泥岩上。[结论]第一分水岭外已建坝小流域其土壤侵蚀综合指数呈下降趋势,第一分水岭内小流域是需要重点关注和治理的地带,第一分水岭外未建坝小流域是进行水土流失治理的关键地带。
[Objective]The relation between watershed type and soil erosion in hinterland was explored of Three Gorges Reservoir area to provide some bases for ecological security and flood control in this area.[Methods]Based on geographic information system（GIS）and remote sensing（RS）,watersheds at five counties were taken as the research area to analysis the types of watersheds,characteristics of water system and synthesized soil erosion index.After that,the relation between watershed type and soil erosion was explored.[Results]Three types of watersheds were recognized in the research area according to the indices of altitude,soil types and the present applied management.（1）The first type was the one consisted of those catchments outside the first watersheds with dams constructed,mainly located in limestone region with altitude from 800 to 1 200 mand slope gradient from 15°to 35°.（2）The second one was composed of the catchments within the first watershed that mainly located in the area with 300-800melevation,15°-35°slope gradient of shale,mudstone soil.（3）The third one was consisted of the catchments outside the first watershed without dams,covered the most intense band of 800-1 200 melevation,15°-35°slope section of shale,mudstone area.[Conclusion]The soil erosion synthesized index of catchments outside the first watershed with dams showed a downward trend.The soil erosion synthesized index of catchments within the first watershed in the study area gradually increased,hence,these catchments need to be pay close attention to control soil erosion.The catchments outside the first watershed without dams are the key area of soil erosion control because of serious soil erosion.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
2015年第6期291-295,共5页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金委重大国际合作基金项目“产权制度和人口因素对山区农户生计的影响研究”(41161140352)
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJ080818)
关键词
流域
流域分级
土壤侵蚀
库区腹地
watershed
watershed classification
soil erosion
hinterland
