摘要
目的探讨我国针灸戒烟的特点与诊疗现状。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库1994年1月至2013年12月发表的针灸戒烟临床文献,建立针灸戒烟文献数据库。提取纳入文献中的纳入标准与排除标准、诊断标准、治疗方法与结果、腧穴选择与配伍、治疗时间与疗程等,并最终建立针灸戒烟文献数据库。结果共纳入针灸戒烟临床研究类文献56篇,其中14篇属于随机对照试验;3篇文献有明确的纳入和排除标准;4篇文献使用了诊断标准。针灸戒烟的治疗方法以耳穴贴压及针刺配合耳穴贴压为主,各18篇。纳入文献的总体戒断率为34.08%,其中耳穴贴压的戒断率最高为53.46%。纳入文献中非随机对照试验的戒断率为39.41%,随机对照试验的戒断率为22.33%。针灸戒烟文献中使用的腧穴49个,总计使用324次。常用耳穴有肺(38次)、神门(37次)和口(28次);常用体穴有甜美(24次)、合谷(16次)和足三里(12次)。文献使用的结局指标主要为基于受试者自我报告的戒烟情况(56篇)与每日吸烟数(51篇)。结论针灸戒烟效果确切,但多数方案研究设计仍存在不足,影响临床结论的准确性与可靠性。
Objective To study the characteristics and clinical status of smoking cessation with acupuncture in China. Methods Clinical articles on smoking cessation with acupuncture published from January 1994 to December 2013 were retrieved from Chinese Journal Full Text Database, Wanfang Data and VIP Database. The information such as the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods and results, aeupoint selection and compatibility, treatment time and treatment course, were extracted from the articles, and eventually a database of smoking cessation with acupuncture was established. Results A total of 56 clinical study articles on smoking cessa- tion with acupuncture were included. Among them, 14 articles were randomized controlled trials; 3 articles had clear inclusion and exclusion criteria; 4 articles used the diagnostic criteria. Mainly used treatment methods were auricular sticking and acupuncture combined with auricular sticking, and each of both were reported in 18 articles, respectively. The general tobacco abstinence rate of the included articles was 34. 08% , and auricular sticking had the highest absti- nence rate （53.46%）. The smoking-quitting rate from non-randomized controlled trials in the included articles was 39.41%, and that from randomized controlled trials was 22.33%. About the acupoints selected in smoking cessation reported in the collected articles, 49 points were totally used for 324 times. The commonly used auricular points includes point Lung （38 times）, Shenmen （37 times） and mouth （28 times） ; The commonly used body acupuncture points includes Tim-Mee Point （a special smoking cessation point, 24 times）, Hegu （LI 4, 16 times） and Zusanli （ST 36, 12 times）. The outcome variables used in the articles were mainly based on the self-reported smoking status （56 articles ） and daily smoking number （51 articles ）. Conclusion Acupuncture has some certain effects on smoking cessation, but the research design in most of the studies is still not well enough, which affects the accuracy and reliability of clinical conclusions.
出处
《中医杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第24期2116-2120,共5页
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家中医药行业科研专项基金(201307014)
关键词
戒烟
尼古丁依赖
针灸疗法
文献研究
smoking cessation
nicotine dependence
acupuncture therapy i literature research
