摘要
可变剪接是造成生物体内转录组和蛋白质组多样性和复杂性的重要机制.自20世纪80年代间被首次报道以来,人们逐渐意识到生物体内的可变剪接现象广泛存在,其能够调节增殖、分化、发育、凋亡等一系列重要的生物学进程,且机体对其调控有着高度的精密性和统一性.近年来,随着高通量测序技术及生物信息学方法的飞速发展和完善,可变剪接研究领域取得了一系列新的成就,人们对可变剪接的认识也在不断加深,从最初对单一可变剪接事件的研究逐步深入到组学层面的分析:高通量组学数据的不断产出、整合,使得大规模、系统性可变剪接亚型功能的研究成为可能;在更为宏观的领域,组织、器官、物种或生理病理状态下特异性的剪接模式也逐渐为人们所知晓;同时,借助组学手段,剪接层面的临床治疗策略也开始崭露头角,并且有着传统分子治疗无可比拟的优越性.本文从组学的角度出发,回顾了近年来可变剪接领域取得的最新进展,并对其未来在基础及应用领域的发展方向做了初步的展望.
Alternative splicing（AS） is a mechanism by which multiple transcripts are generated from one single gene that increases the amount of biologically significant protein isoforms. Since the 1980 s, AS is gaining more attention in the recent decade. Depending on those early studies, which mostly focused on the precise regulation mechanisms of AS, scientists confirm that AS widely exists in eukaryotic genomes, and is able to affect a series of important biological processes such as proliferation and apoptosis. Thanks to the development of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics, scientists are now able to investigate AS in a large ＂Omics＂ scale. Meanwhile, the output of massive amounts of omics data further reveals the important rules of AS in a macroscopic field, including species differentiation, individual development, tissue-specific function and precise medicine. In this review, we summariz the latest progress in AS research, and further development of AS-based technologies in the basic and applied fields was also evaluated.
出处
《中国科学：生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期1177-1184,共8页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
基金
科技部中国人类蛋白质组学数据的知识发现项目(批准号:2014DFB30020)
国家自然科学基金(批准号:81201821)资助
关键词
可变剪接
生命组学
多组学研究
alternative splicing
lifeomics
multi-omics research
