摘要
通过棉花盆栽试验,研究了不同用量控释氮肥和钾肥配施对棉花产量、生理特性及土壤养分变化的影响。结果表明,中量控释氮肥和中量控释钾肥处理(N:90mg/kg土;K_2O:80mg/kg土)显著提高了棉花子棉和皮棉产量,子棉产量达到每盆82.52g,皮棉产量每盆达到36.17g,并且增加了棉花的总桃数、单铃重和衣分,改善了棉花的纤维品质。高量控释氮肥和高量控释钾肥处理(N:135mg/kg土;K_2O:120mg/kg土)提升了叶绿素含量和荧光指标,增加了土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量。控释氮肥和钾肥配施可以根据棉花生育期需肥特征而提供所需的氮素和钾素。因此,在本试验条件下,推荐中量控释氮肥和中量控释钾肥配合处理(N:90mg/kg土;K_2O:80mg/kg土),既保证了棉花的高产又维持了合理的肥料投入。
Effects of controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application rate on physiological characteristics,yield and soil nutrient change of cotton were systematically investigated through a potted experiment.The results showed that combined application of controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers with moderate fertilization rate（N 90mg/kg soil and K_2O 80mg/kg soil）significantly improved the yields of seed and lint cotton,of which the seed cotton yield reached 82.52 g per pot and the lint cotton yield reached 36.17 g per pot.Meanwhile,the combined application of controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers with moderate fertilization rate increased the total number of bolls,the single boll weight and lint percentage,and had positive effect on the fiber of cotton.Applying high rate of controlledrelease nitrogen and potassium fertilizers（N 135 mg/kg soil and K_2O 120 mg/kg soil）improved the chlorophyll content and fluorescence indicator,and also increased the contents of soil NO_3^-—N,NH_4~＋—N and soil available K.Supplying controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers could meet the demand of N and K in the whole growth period of cotton.Thus,under the conditions of this experiment,the moderate fertilization rate of combined controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers（N 90 mg/kg soil and K_2O 80 mg/kg soil）was recommended,which not only warranted high cotton yield but also maintained the proper fertilizer input.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期80-84,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花创新团队项目(鲁农科技字[2012]26号SDAIT-07-011-06)
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD11B01
02)
国家"948"重点项目(2011-G30)
关键词
控释氮肥
控释钾肥
棉花
产量
生理指标
controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer
controlled-release potassium fertilizer
cotton
yield
physiological characteristics
