摘要
为改善竹纤维(BF)与聚丙烯(PP)的界面结合,采用碱(NaOH)和异氰酸酯偶联剂(TDI)复合改性竹纤维,制备BF/PP复合材料。分析了竹纤维改性前后主要化学成分、热行为及化学结构变化,考察了竹纤维改性对复合材料维卡软化点(VSP)和动态热力学性能影响,用扫描电镜对复合材料断面进行了观察,最后探讨了改性竹纤维添加量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:BF经复合改性后,表面形成了氨酯键结构,竹纤维素晶体尺寸和结晶度增大,竹纤维的最快热降解温度和复合材料的VSP分别提高了20℃和4.5℃。SEM、DMA分析显示,竹纤维复合改性改善了两相界面结合,利于力学性能提高。拉伸实验表明,在复合改性竹纤维添加比例为40%时,复合材料综合性能最佳,其冲击强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别增加了21.6%、23.3%和27.8%,拉伸模量和弯曲模量分别增加了24.2%和30.4%。
Bamboo fiber（BF） was modified with alkali（NaOH） treatment ＋ isocyanate（TDI） treatment to improve the interfacial adhesion of BF/PP composites. The content of the main components were measured, the chemical structures and thermal properties of BF were studied, the mechanical properties, thermal properties and dynamic properties of the composites were investigated, the morphology of fractured composite surfaces were observed by scaning electron microscopy（SEM）, and effects of modified BF loading rate on mechanical properties of the composites were also analyzed. The results showed that there formed amine ester bond and showed an increase in width of crystal region and relative crystallinity of BF after complex treatments of NaOH ＋ TDI, the fastest thermal degradation temperature and vicat softing point of the composites were increased by 20℃ and 4.5℃ respectively. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA） showed that the peak value of tan3 decreased after complex modification. SEM observation revealed that the interfacial adhesion between BF and PP was improved by complex treatment of NaOH ＋ TDI. When BF loading rate was 40 %, the comprehensive properties of the composite performed the best, the impact strength, tensile strength and bending strength of the composite were increased by 21.6 %, 23.3 % and 27.8% respectively, the tensile modulus and flexural modulus were increased by 24.2%and 30.4% respectively.
出处
《高分子通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期64-70,共7页
Polymer Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51406141)
福建省自然科学基金重点项目(2012N0027)
南平市科技计划项目(N2012Z06(2))
对接南平产业发展专项(N2011WZ05)
福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JA14314)
关键词
竹纤维
界面改性
聚丙烯
竹塑复合材料
Bamboo fiber
Interface modification
Polypropylene
Bamboo plastic composite
