摘要
以赣南脐橙种植户果园调查和叶片营养分析数据为基础，分析了脐橙园生产体系中的氮肥施用和氮素平衡状况．结果表明：赣南不同区域脐橙园的氮投入量差异大，果园氮素投入量为485.27～1581.75 kg／hm2，平均值为792.74 kg／hm2，其中无机氮投入量为429.14 kg／hm2，主要来源于复合肥和尿素；有机肥投入的氮素量为363.60 kg／hm2，主要来源于花生粕、商品有机肥和畜禽粪．不同区域脐橙园的氮盈余量差异较大，氮盈余量为467.37～1093.89 kg／hm2，平均值为688.14 kg／hm2，大余县、于都县和信丰县的氮盈余量较高．果园氮素投入量与氮养分盈余量极显著正相关，相关系数 R＝0.9436．随氮投入量的增加，脐橙叶片氮的质量分数上升，大部分脐橙园叶片氮的质量分数偏高或过量，表明氮肥施用过量是氮盈余量高和叶片氮的质量分数高的主要原因．
Based on data collected from citrus‐grower surveys and leaf nutrient element analysis ,the characteristics of nitrogen （N） fertilizer application and balance were studied in navel orange orchards in southern Jiangxi prov ‐ince .The results showed that the application amount of N varied greatly with navel orange orchards ,ran‐ging from 485.27 kg/hm2 to 1 581.75 kg/hm2 ,averaging 792.74 kg/hm2 .The application rate of N from chemical fertilizers was 429.14 kg/hm2 ,mainly from the two most popular nitrogen sources ,urea and compound fertilizer .The application rate of N from organic fertilizers was 363.60 kg/hm2 ,mainly from peanut meal ,commercial organic fertilizer and fermented poultry manure .The surplus rate of N in navel orange orchards ranged from 467.37 kg/hm2 to 1 093.89 kg/hm2 ,averaging 688.14 kg/hm2 .The N sur‐plus in Yudu ,Dayu and Xinfeng counties was significantly higher than that in other counties .N surplus was in a highly significant positive correlation with N application rate in navel orchards ,the correlation co‐efficient being 0.943 6＊ ＊ .Total N content in navel orange leaves increased with N application amount ,and leaf N content in most orchards was at a high or excessive level .These results indicated that excessive N fertilizer application was the main cause resulting in N surplus and high or excessive leaf N levels .
出处
《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期36-42,共7页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家星火计划重点项目(2012GA811001)
农业部现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27-02A)
重庆市集成示范计划项目(cstc2013jcsf8003)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2014B006)
关键词
柑橘园
氮投入
氮盈余
赣南
citrus orchard
N application
N surplus
southern Jiangxi province
