摘要
目的分析围绝经期女性自我保健认知水平、行为特征,提出健康教育对策。方法 2014年1月至2015年1月以辖区内274例围绝经期女性作为研究对象,进行问卷调查,测评围绝经期症状Kupperman评分。结果围绝经期与骨质疏松症有关回答正确率为55.47%、月经完全停止1年后又阴道流血是不正常现象正确率为64.60%,认为控制体重有效者占52.92%、认为激素替代治疗有效者占45.26%,人均得分(7.43±2.10)分。是否绝经、文化水平、就职情况、个人月收入、是否罹患疾病、是否有围绝经期症状均成为围绝经期女性保健知识水平独立影响因素(P<0.05)。有围绝经期症状者接受保健服务的占54.84%(102/186),妇科就诊25.49%(26/102),2年内进行过体检者42.70%(117/274),主动到医院者29.91%(35/117),未进行体检者认为没有必要34.83%(31/89)、认为无人组织35.96%(32/89)、不愿体检29.21%(26/89)。结论围绝经期妇女自我保健的认知行为状况亟待改善,对围绝经期疾病危害、防治策略认知不够,了解的知识相对浅显,缺乏主动体检意愿,健康知识评分影响因素较多。围绝经期开展健康教育应关注绝经前、低文化水平、少收入、无症状对象,应尽快开展有组织的健康教育活动,扩宽健康教育、认知行为干预渠道。
Objective To analyze the self-care cognition level and behavior characteristics ofperimenopausal women, in order to put forward countermeasures for health education. Methods 274 cases of perimenopausal women in the jurisdiction from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected as research objects. All women were given questionnaire investigation and assessment of Kupperman score of perimenopausal symptoms. Results The correct answer rate of the knowledge about perimenopause related to osteoporosis was 55.47%, the correct answer rate of the knowledge about abnormal phenomena of vaginal bleeding after one year of the menolipsis was 64.60%, women considered weight control effectively accounted for 52.92%, women considered hormone replacement therapy effectively accounted for 45.26%, and the average score was 7.43± 2.10. The menopausal status, educational level, working condition, personal monthly income, whether suffering from disease and menopausal symptoms became the independent factors of health care knowledge level in perimenopausal women （P 〈0.05）. Women with perimenopausal symptoms received health care services accounted for 54.84% （102/186）, and 25.49% （26/102） of them visited gynecology department; women received health examination accounted for 42.70% （117/274）, and 29.91% （35/117） of them went to hospital on their own. In women who didn＇t receive health examination, 34.83% （31/89） of them saw no need for it, 35.96% （32/89） of them considered unmanned organization, 29.21% （26/89） of them were unwilling to take physical examination. Conclusions It is necessary to improve self-care cognitive behavior of perimenopausal women. For the cognition of the harm of perimenopausal disease and the prevention and control strategies is not enough, and the knowledge level is relatively shallow. Perimenopausal women lack of intention of taking physical examination on their own, and many factors influence the health knowledge level. The conduction of health education during perimenopausal period should pay attention to premenopause, low cultural level, less income and asymptomatic subjects, organized health education should be undertaken as soon as possible, in order to broaden the channels of health education and cognitive behavior intervention.
出处
《临床医学工程》
2015年第12期1683-1685,共3页
Clinical Medicine & Engineering
关键词
围绝经期
健康教育
认知行为
保健
Perimenopause
Health education
Cognitive behavior
Health care
