摘要
为了研究南亚热带人工林不同营造模式对土壤线虫群落的影响,于2013年7月在中国林业科学院热带林业实验中心林场分别选取针叶林(马尾松林、杉木林)、阔叶林(米老排、红椎林)及混交林(马尾松-红椎、马尾松-大叶栎),并对6种营造模式人工林的土壤线虫及土壤理化性质进行了调查。共鉴定线虫16853条,平均密度为1873条·100 g-1干土,隶属于2纲8目32科53属,其中基齿属、微咽属和金线属为优势属:PCA分析结果表明,杉木林与米老排林、马尾松-红椎混交林与红椎林的线虫群落结构相似性较高。线虫群落密度以马尾松-大叶栎混交林最大,红椎林和马尾松-红椎混交林较低,Shannon指数和均匀度指数均以马尾松林和米老排林较高,以马尾松-大叶栎混交林最低:成熟指数MI、PPI、PPI/MI指数和丰富度指数在不同经营模式间均无显著差异,而杂食-捕食性线虫、食细菌性线虫和植物寄生性线虫密度和WI指数差异显著。相关分析表明,土壤磷含量与植物寄生、食细菌、食真菌线虫显著相关,而土壤钾含量仅与杂食-捕食性线虫显著正相关。结果表明,6种经营模式对线虫组成和营养结构有明显影响,土壤磷和钾含量是影响线虫群落营养结构的主要因子。
Six silvicultural patterns of plantation forests, including coniferous forests （Pinus mas- soniana , Cunninghamia lanceolata ） , broadleaf forests （Mytilaria laosensis , Castanopsis hystrix ） and mixed forests （ Pinus massoniana ＋ Castanopsis hystrix, Pinus massoniana ＋ Castanopsis fis- sa）, were selected at the Experimental Centre of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry in July 2013, and soil nematode communities and soil physico-chemical properties were investiga- ted to reveal the effects of silvicultural patterns on the soil nematode communities. A total of 16853 individuals of nematode were extracted, belonging to 53 genera, 32 families, 8 orders and 2 phyla. The mean density of the nematodes was 1873 ind ·100g^-1 dry soil. The dominant genera were Iotonchus, Microlaimus and Chrysonema. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed that the structures of soil nematode communities were similar between the C. lanceolata forest and the M. laosensis forest, and the same pattern was observed between the C. hystrix forest and the mixed P. massoniana ＋ C. hystrix forest. The densities of soil nematodes were smaller in the C. hystrix forest and the mixed P. massoniana ＋ C. hystrix forest than in the other forests. The Shannon index and Pielou index of soil nematode communities in the P. massoniana and M. laosensis forests were greater than those of the other forests. The highest density and lowest Shannon index and Pielou index were found in the mixed P. massoniana ＋ C. fissa forest. The differences in taxonomic richness, free-living nematode maturity index （MI）, plant-parasitic maturity index （PPI） and PPI/MI index were not significant among these silvicultural patterns. However, pre- dators-omnivores, bacterivores, plant parasites and Wasilewska index （WI） differed significantly among these silvicultural patterns. Correlation analysis showed that the densities of plant para- sites, bacterivores and fungivores were affected significantly by soil P content, while a significant positive relationship was found between soil K content and the density of predators-omnivores. These results demonstrated that different silvicultural patterns influenced the functional structure and composition of soil nematode communities. Soil P and K were the main factors affecting the trophic structure of soil nematode communities.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期3443-3452,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41371270
40801092)
中央高校优秀团队及重大孵化项目(2014NZYTD01)资助
关键词
南亚热带
土壤线虫
营造模式
人工林
群落结构
southern subtropics
soil nematode
silvicultural pattern
plantation forest
community structure.
