摘要
目的分析疫情的特征及相关危险因素,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法对病例进行调查核实,采集血清和咽试纸样品进行实验室确诊,结合历史流行情况、人群免疫状况、人口流动情况、疫情规范处置、医院感染等综合分析暴发原因。结果疫情具有从病例输入到引起暴发时间长、疫点较多但点内病例不多、传播轨迹清晰、发病年龄向小于8个月和成年人两端扩展、有免疫史记录的病例较多等特征;疫情固有的周期性、易感人群的积累、疫点处置不彻底、医源性感染是暴发主要原因。结论提高麻疹疫苗接种率和规范处置疫情是预防暴发的根本措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and risk factors,toprovide scientific basis for measles elimination.Methods To carry out investigation to verify the case,collect serum and throat swab samples were laboratory confirmed,with the comprehensive analysis of the historical prevalence,immune status,population flow,epidemic,regulate the disposal of hospital infection outbreak reason.Results The epidemic has from the case input to cause the outbreak epidemic time long,but more points within a case not much,propagation path clear,age of onset,extended to both ends of less than 8 months and adults immunized history cases recorded more characteristics;epidemic inherent periodicity,easy to accumulate,epidemic disposal moving group is not thorough,iatrogenic infection is the main cause of the outbreak.Conclusion To improve the measles vaccination rate and regulate the disposal is a fundamental measure to prevent the outbreak of epidemic.
出处
《中国卫生产业》
2015年第7期178-179,共2页
China Health Industry
关键词
麻疹
暴发
流行病学调查
Measles
Outbreak
Epidemiological investigation
