摘要
通过修建6个1.5 m×0.4 m×0.3 m、坡度为37°的试验小区,观测陡边坡自然降雨和进行模拟径流冲刷试验,研究砒砂岩陡边坡水力侵蚀。结果表明:红棕色砒砂岩、紫红色砒砂岩和黄绵土3种陡边坡坡面的产流产沙最小10 min降雨强度为0.1 mm/min,最小降雨量为8.2 mm。3种坡面的产流量与产沙量呈线性关系,且决定系数较大,分别为0.995、0.893和0.896。平均产流和产沙量均为黄绵土>红棕色砒砂岩>紫红色砒砂岩,单位径流红棕色砒砂岩产沙量小于紫红色砒砂岩。冲刷过程中泥沙粒径分布同原土相似,但粒级比例发生变化,两种砒砂岩都显示出在冲剧过程中沙粒贫化、粉粒和黏粒富集的特征。
6 plots were set up to analyze the water erosion of steep Pisha sandstone slopes by observing natural rainfall and simulated runoff scouring experiments. The results show that the minimum rainfall and the minimum rainfall intensity causing sediment and runoff on reddish brown Pisha sandstone steep slopes (XP), purple Pisha sandstone steep slopes (CP) and Loessal soil (HM) were 8. 2 mm and 0. 1 mm/min respectively. Runoff yield and sediment yield show linear relationship and the determination coefficients(R2)are 0. 896, 0. 893 and 0. 995 respectively. The relationships of sediment yield and runoff yield among 3 treatments are consistent, i. e. HM >XP >CP. The simulated runoff scouring experiments show that the sediment yield of reddish brown Pisha sandstone slopes is less than that of purple Pisha sandstone slopes;particle diameter of sediment is affected by original soil;clay and silt enrich in sediment, while fine sand and coarse sand decrease versus original soil.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第11期92-96,共5页
Yellow River
基金
中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-13)
科技部科技惠民计划项目(2012GS610203)
陕西省水保局水土流失治理项目
关键词
陡边坡
砒砂岩
水力侵蚀
产流产沙
晋陕蒙交界地区
steep slope
pisha sandstone
hydraulic erosion
runoff and sediment yield
Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia adjacent area
