摘要
卵巢癌是女性生殖系统中病死率最高的恶性肿瘤,由于缺乏早期有效的筛查手段,多数患者确诊时已为晚期,治愈率只有20%～30%,而早期患者的生存率较晚期患者高。因此,提高卵巢癌的早期诊断是改善患者生存质量的重要且有效的途径。目前临床上主要的筛查手段是经阴道超声检查联合血清肿瘤标记物的检测。除了糖类抗原125（CA125）广泛用于卵巢癌的诊断、检测和预后评估外,人附睾蛋白4（HE4）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）、间皮素（MSLN）和协同刺激分子B7-H4等生物学标记物也开始成为卵巢癌诊断的辅助或补充手段,以提高卵巢癌的早期检出率和诊断准确性。其中,OPN和B7-H4可作为卵巢癌诊断和靶基因治疗的理想指标和目的基因。检测患者尿液中可溶性MSLN相关蛋白（SMRP）和OPN的含量为卵巢癌的诊断提供了非侵袭性的方法。简要综述目前研究发现的与卵巢癌相关的血清学标记物。
Ovarian cancer is the most leading cause of death in gynecologic malignancies. Since lack of early detection strategies, the majority of the patients are diagnosed at advanced stage disease, of which the cure rate is only 20%-30%. It has been observed that the survival rate of patients at early stages is higher than those diagnosed with advanced disease. Therefore, to improve the quality of patients′ life, it is important and effective to get the early diagnosis methods of ovarian cancer. At present,transvaginal ultrasound combining with detection of serum tumor markers is the main clinical screening strategy. In order to improve the accuracy of early detection and diagnosis of ovarian cancer, in addition to carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125）, which is widely used to diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, monitor its development and evaluate the prognosis, human epididymis protein 4（HE4）, osteopontin（OPN）, mesothelin（MSLN） and costimulatory molecules B7-H4 also begin to become supplementary means for diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. Then, OPN and B7-H4 can be used as ideal target genes and purpose for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Detection of soluble mesothelin-related protein（SMRP） and OPN in patients′ urine is a noninvasive method of diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This paper reviews the serologic tumor markers associated with ovarian cancer that had been verified at present.
出处
《国际妇产科学杂志》
CAS
2015年第5期560-563,共4页
Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology
基金
卫生部医药卫生技术发展研究中心课题(W2013FZ13)
