摘要
在社会生活与自然环境日益互渗并叠加深入的今天,提出环境哲学研究视域中的文化自觉,力图展现生态内涵之意义,并在一个更富有包容性的界面扭转生态在哲学语境中的长期缺位,如同改善自然在文化研究中的被隔绝。我们须理解环境哲学产生与存在的条件,进而澄清文化自觉在特定视域中所具备的前提:它需要明晰走向生态文明的环境哲学的基本含义与框架;需要初步具备小康社会的物质生活手段;需要拥有亲近自然环境的美德观念、情感与行动,需要理解后工业革命时代全球生态危机的走向与由来;需要平衡现代性与后现代主义对环境哲学取向的影响。因此梳理环境哲学研究视域中的文化自觉之趋向,它表现为如下几个方面:摆脱恶性资本对生态环境的控制,有效形成保护生态环境观念对良性资本的引导;完善道德因素在环境视域的持存,建设生态文化的道德自觉;把握人类生活的基点,推进从生态人到生态公民的转型;立足于生活地理的具体状况,形成生态文化的哲学格局;面对气候变化的复杂局面,构建人类、环境与自然的契合关系;思考人类活动的历史轨迹,认识其自身合理行为的边界;审慎看待科技的现实作用,反思其有效存在的基本限度;健全社会这个生态文化之中介环节的建设,发挥自然界对人类社会意识的反哺功能;借鉴新旧农业文明的优良模式,重塑生态文明善待自然的根本宗旨。环境哲学作为人类对自然界及其相互关系思考的精神活动,文化本身就是题中应有之义,其文化自觉因素的加入也是自然而然的。自然与文化不是天然抵触的,反而是在相辅相成、相得益彰中得以完善。文化自觉则以对自然颖悟的方式提醒这种意识的持存与俱在。它并不是简单感觉的经验主义,而是在对批判的理性主义扬弃的基础上达到对自然界整体知识的再造,它借鉴吸收的是一种思维范式的折中转化。
In modem era when social life and natural environment are increasingly interpenetrating and overlapping, the proposal of cultural consciousness from the perspective of environmental philosophy is to explore the meaning of ecological connotation and to change the current condition in which ecology has long been absent in the philosophical context in the same way as nature is excluded in cultural studies. It is essential to understand the prerequisite of environmental philosophy and then to clarify the premise of cultural consciousness in certain context： the basic connotation and framework of environmental philosophy with direction to eco-civilization; material life means of a well-off society; virtue, affection and action close to natural environment; cognition about the trend and origin of global ecological crisis in post-industrial era and the balance of impacts of modernity and post-modernism on environmental philosophy. The tendencies of cultural consciousness in the context of environmental philosophy research are reflected in the following： to get rid of the control of malignant capital over eco-environment so as to constitute the guidance of eco-environment protection mentality for benign capital;to maintain moral factors in the context of environment so as to establish moral consciousness in eco-culture; to realize the transformation from ecological human to ecological citizen based on human life ; to form the philosophical pattern of ecological culture in accordance with specific conditions of life geography ; to establish harmonious relations of human, environment and nature in the face of complicated climate changes, to recognize the boundaries of human＇s rational activities with introspection on human activity trace; to consider cautiously the practical effect and basic limit of science and technology; to improve the building of society as a medium of eco-cuhure so as to realize the back feeding of nature to social consciousness, and to take the excellent models of both new and old agricultural civilizations as reference so as to constitute the primary principle of eco-civilization： be kind to nature. Environmental philosophy, as human＇ s mentality of nature and man-nature relations, involves culture as an indispensable part. Nature and culture are mutually coordinated and complimentary instead of mutually contradicted. Cultural consciousness reminds people of that through natural perception. More than a simple empiricism of sense, it is a cognition reconstruction of nature based on rational evaluation of critique. What it has adopted is a compromise and transformation of thinking mode.
出处
《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2015年第3期11-19,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
环境哲学
文化自觉
前提
趋向
environmental philosophy
cultural consciousness
premise
tendency
