摘要
运用成本损失法和费用分析法,对湿地补水带来的工、农业生产方面的损失进行了量化研究,结合受影响地区缺水率的变化建立了湿地生态补偿标准量化模型和补偿资金分担与分配模型,并以向海湿地的生态补水为例进行了模型验证.研究结果表明:75%降水保证率年份满足向海湿地适宜生态需水的补偿标准为6 000万元,向海自然保护区应补偿灌区管理局290万元、灌区农民5 710万元;95%降水保证率年份补偿标准为2 600万元,向海自然保护区应补偿灌区管理局150万元、灌区农民2 450万元.湿地补水生态补偿标准核算考虑了补水对工业和农业生产的影响,而向海湿地补水实例验证了从供水费用上升、农产品产量和质量等损失核算生态补偿标准,补偿资金额度较为合理,生态补偿标准模型具有一定的推广应用价值.
By employing the methods of cost lost and expense analysis, this paper quantified the losses of industrial production and agricultural production caused by diverting agricultural water to the wetland. Combined with the variation of water deficient ratio in the affected areas, built the quantitative model of wetland ecological compensation standard and the compensation fund sharing and allocation model which were tested by the water supplement process of Xianghai wetland. The results indicate that the compensation standard to meet suitable ecological water demand of Xianghai wetland is 60 million yuan in the year with 75% guaranteed precipitation rate,hereinto, 2. 9 million for the Irrigation District Authority and 57.1 million yuan for farmers in the irrigated area;the compensation standard is 26 million yuan in the year with 95% guaranteed precipitation rate,including 1.5 million for the Irrigation District Authority and 24.5 million for irrigation farmers. The wetland ecological compensation standard calculation considers the effects towards industrial and agricultural production generated by diverting agricultural water to the wetland. The example of Xianghai wetland calculates the ecological compensation standard from the loss of water supply costs rising and the crop yields and crop quality, etc. The results show that the ecological compensation limit is relatively reasonable. The ecology compensation standard model has applicable values to a certain degree.
出处
《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期149-153,共5页
Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379089)
关键词
向海湿地
机会成本
生态补偿标准
量化研究
Xianghai wetland
opportunity cost
ecological compensation standard
quantitative research
