摘要
为实现夏玉米对氮肥的高效利用,依据养分平衡原理,利用光谱无损监测技术,构建了夏玉米氮肥调控模型,并对比分析了变量施肥和传统施肥对植株氮积累量、氮肥利用效率、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,与传统施肥区相比,变量施肥区植株氮积累量提高2.67%,平均产量提高67.53 kg/hm2,经济收入提高148.6元/hm2,但植株氮积累量和产量的变异系数分别降低了3.84个百分点和7.27个百分点;变量施肥区的氮肥利用率、氮肥农学效率、氮肥偏生产力、氮素吸收量分别提高了11.82个百分点、3.95 kg/kg、9.76 kg/kg、0.43 kg/t;变量施肥区尿素投入1 285.42元/hm2,比传统施肥区节约388.49元/hm2。建立的氮肥调控模型有助于提高夏玉米氮肥利用效率,达到氮素效率和产量协同提高的目的。
To coordinately increase both grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize, the nitrogen recommendation model for maize was developed with nondestructive hyperspectral technology based on the theory of nutrient balance,and the plant nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen use efficiency,grain yield and economic benefit in variable-rate zone were compared with those in uniform-rate zone in Yanjing county. The results showed that relative to those in uniform-rate zone,plant nitrogen accumulation,grain yield and economic benefit in variable-rate zone increased by 2.67%,67.53 kg/ha,148.6 RMB/ha,respectively. However,coefficient of variation of plant nitrogen accumulation and yield in variable-rate zone reduced by 3.84 and 7.27 percent points,respectively.Nitrogen use efficiency,nitrogen agronomic efficiency,nitro-gen partial factor productivity,absorbed nitrogen amount in variable-rate zone increased by 11.82 percen-tage points,3.95 kg/kg,9.76 kg/kg and 0.43 kg/t,respectively.Urea cost in variable-rate zone was 1 285.42 RMB/ha,388.49 RMB/ha lower than that in uniform-rate zone.The nitrogen recommendation;model for maize could improve nitrogen use efficiency,further achieving the goal of improving the nitrogen use efficiency and yield synergistically.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第9期156-160,共5页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省科技成果转化计划项目(132201110031)
河南省重大科技专项(121100110900)
关键词
夏玉米
光谱指数
变量施肥
氮肥调控模型
summer maize
spectral index
variable fertilization
nitrogen recommendation model
