摘要
本文通过构建一个四期的世代交叠模型,分析了天生禀赋、义务教育以及非义务教育对于收入差距和代际收入流动性的影响。本文发现除天生禀赋外,义务教育是影响收入差距和代际流动性的最主要原因。来自不同收入水平家庭的子女尽管初始能力的差距不大,但家庭的教育选择和公共教育政策却使得其最终的人力资本和收入在代际内的差距加大,并固化了收入在代际间的相关性。贫困家庭由于受预算约束限制,对孩子的早期教育投入较少,使得其子女在义务教育阶段获得的人力资本存量较低,并进一步导致其高等教育参与率较低,这是收入差距扩大的根本原因。模拟各种教育经费投入模式的结果表明,加大义务教育阶段的公共支出力度,有助于弥补年轻父母在孩子早期教育时的预算约束,缓解代际内收入的不平等并增强代际间收入的流动性。
The paper analyzes the impact of innate ability, compulsory education and non-compulsory education on income inequality and intergenerational mobility through constructing a four-period overlapping generation model. We found non- compulsory education plays an important role in explaining the income inequality and intergenerational mobility, besides innate ability. The differences between innate ability among different income groups are not very large, but the gap was enlarged by receiving compulsory and non-compulsory education. The reason is that poor family invests little on children＇s early education and therefore the quality of school is lower. These results show the attendance of higher education for children from poor families is much less than the children from other income groups. Through policy experiments on three kinds of public educational expenditure investment models, we find increasing public expenditure in compulsory education period （Grade 1--9） is most efficient and effective one, which can compromise the budget constraints of poor families on children＇s early education investment.
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第9期86-99,共14页
Economic Research Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目"教育的代际传导机制及相关政策研究"(批准号:71203014)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"提高居民收入在国民收入中的比重研究"(批准号:11JZD015)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金的资助
关键词
教育投资
收入差距
代际流动性
教育经费
Education Investment
Income Inequality
Intergenerational Mobility
Educational Expenditure
