摘要
为了减少绞吸式挖泥船疏浚过程中产生的底泥污染物释放量,避免对水体形成二次污染,需对其进行环保功能改造。论文分别采用普通绞刀、螺旋绞刀以及加装防扩散装置的普通绞刀和锥形螺旋绞刀进行疏浚模拟试验,考察疏浚点周围上覆水中污染物浓度变化情况,对比分析各种疏浚设备的环保性能。试验结果表明:采用螺旋绞刀疏浚时,底泥中污染物释放量比采用普通绞刀时小。同时,在这两类绞刀上加装防扩散装置均能有效降低污染物释放量,特别是能有效抑制疏浚后1 h内营养盐氮的释放。普通绞吸式挖泥船环保功能的最佳改造方案为采用螺旋绞刀替代普通绞刀并加装防扩散装置。
In order to reduce the release amount of sediment pollutants in waterway dredging of cutter suction dredge equipment and avoid the formation of the second pollution to water bodies, the existing dredging equipment need to be transformed environmentally. Simulated tests with general cutter, spiral cutter, general and spiral cutter with anti diffusion device, were done respectively in this study. The change of pollutants concentration in overlying water was investigated and environmental performance of various dredging equipment with different cutter structure types was analyzed comparatively. The results indicated that in waterway dredging with spiral cutter, the release amount of sediment pollutants is less than with general cutter, and spiral or general cutter with anti diffusion device both can effectively reduce the release amount of sediment pollutants, especially the release of the nitrogen nutrient during the 1 hour after dredging. The best transformation scheme of environmental protection function of general cutter suction dredge equipment is spiral cutter substitutes for general one, and with anti diffusion device.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期210-213,共4页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家科技支撑计划:三峡水库常年回水区航运工程建设关键技术研究(2011BAB09B01)
关键词
普通绞刀
螺旋绞刀
防扩散装置
环保功能
污染物释放量
general cutter
spiral cutter
anti diffusion device
environmental protection function
pollutants release amount
