摘要
为全面系统地掌握山东大学木本园林植物的种类组成、生活型、季相特点以及应用现状,对山东大学的木本园林植物进行全面、具体、系统、深入的调查。调查结果显示,山东大学木本园林植物共计535种(包括变型、亚种和栽培变种),隶属于77科199属。其中裸子植物5科16属49种,被子植物72科183属486种(含双子叶植物69科174属467种,单子叶植物3科9属19种),山东大学木本园林植物树种较为丰富。乔木植物286种,占所有种的53.4%;灌木植物216种,占所有种的40.4%;藤本植物33种,占所有种的6.2%,乔、灌类植物都比较丰富,藤本比较缺乏。所有树种中常绿树种103个,占所有种的19.25%;落叶树种432个,占所有种的80.75%;落叶树种占据优势。山东大学的木本植物应用形式较为多样,但创新性应用不多。山东大学木本园林植物应用方面存在的问题有:(1)济南园林树种数量较多,但优质利用的却不多;(2)山东大学常绿树种应用较少;(3)乡土树种应用不够。建议:(1)科学搭配城市园林绿化树种;(2)推广栽植乡土树种;(3)积极引种驯化。调查结果为济南的木本植物资源可持续利用提供了可靠的科学理论依据。
In order to grasp the species composition, life forms, seasonal characteristics and application statusof Ji＇nan woody landscape plants, an investigation was conducted. Survey results showed that： there were atotal of 535 species of Ji＇nan City landscaping plant（including variants, subspecies and cultivars）, belonged to77 families and 199 genera, including 5 families 16 genera 49 species of gymnosperms, 72 families 183 generaand 486 species of angiosperms（containing dicotyledonous plants of 69 families, 174 genera and 467 species,monocotyledon plants of 3 families, 9 genera and 19 species）. The number of Ji＇nan woody landscape plantswas very large. There were 286 kinds of plants trees, accounting for 53.4% of all species; 216 shrub species,accounting for 40.4% of all species; 33 kinds of vines, accounting for 6.2% of all species. Arbor and bush werewidely used, however, lianas were lacked. And there were 103 evergreen species, accounting for 19.25% of allspecies, 432 deciduous trees species, accounting for 80.75% of all species. Application forms of woody plant inJi＇nan were diversified, but innovative applications were limited. Through the survey, we found that the use ofJi＇nan woody plants had following problems：（1） the amount of landscape tree species in Ji＇nan was large, butthe utilization was not good, there was great room for improvement;（2） the application of evergreen species inJi＇nan was insufficient, the landscape is monotonous;（3） the application of native tree species was not enough.Suggestions based on the above problems were as follows：（1） scientific collocation must be carried out in city landscape greening plant selection;（2） the planting of native tree species should be extended;（3） introductionand domestication of tree varieties should be carried out actively. The survey provided a scientific basis forsustainable use of woody plants resources in Ji＇nan.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第22期148-151,共4页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山东英才学院"济南大明湖风景名胜区滨水建筑的布局及空间营造研究"(14YCYBZR03)
关键词
木本园林植物
调查与分析
济南
woody iandscape plants
Investigation and analysis
Ji＇nan
