摘要
结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病仍然是全球危害最严重的疾病之一,由于结核分枝杆菌耐药性增强和艾滋病蔓延,结核病又有卷土重来之势。非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,nc RNA)具有基因调控作用。结核分枝杆菌相关的非编码RNA分为细菌体内的s RNA(small RNA)和宿主体内的非编码RNA两大类,其中现已发现结核分枝杆菌内有5’和3’端非编码RNA、反义转录产物、基因间s RNA等多种nc RNA,其多以与靶基因碱基互补影响靶基因表达。宿主细胞内有微小RNA和长非编码RNA,这两类非编码RNA功能与作用机制不尽相同。微小RNA作用机制与细菌内s RNA类似,其中mi R-155等是研究的热点;长非编码RNA的研究才刚刚兴起,其功能比微小RNA更加广泛,将会成为未来的热门研究领域。研究这两大类非编码RNA对于理解结核分枝杆菌在宿主细胞中的存活机制及致病机理以帮助研发新型疫苗、药物诊断方法等有着非常重要的意义。
Tuberculosis（TB）caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosisstill poses a major threat to human.Recently we have seen a recrudescence of the disease blaming on the appearance of drug-resistance bacteria and the spread of TB/HIV co-infection.Non-coding RNAs（nc RNAs） regulate gene expression which related to the mechanism of bacteria survival in host immune cell and pathogenesis.Non-coding RNA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis divided into two classes,one type is in bacteria and another type is in host cells.This summary briefly reviewed recent studies of non-coding RNA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis（5＇ and 3＇ UTR nc RNAs,antisense nc RNAs,intergenic nc RNAs）and host cells（micro RNA and long nc RNA）.Nc RNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis play a role in the form of complementary base pairing while micro RNA in host cells has a similar mechanism of action.What is worth mentioning,mi R-155 is a hot-spot in this area.Long nc RNA even has more extensive and sophisticated functions,which should be the next hot research field in near future.It is significantly important for developing new vaccines,new drugs and new diagnostics by researching non-coding RNA regulation of gene expression.
出处
《中国奶牛》
2015年第14期27-32,共6页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
国家自然基金面上项目(31472219)
艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治科技重大专项(项目编号:2012ZX10003002-016
2012ZX10004214-004)
关键词
结核分枝杆菌
非编码RNA
基因表达
基因调控
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Non-coding RNA
Gene expression
Gene regulation
